XH(1) | User Commands | XH(1) |
NAME
xh - Friendly and fast tool for sending HTTP requests
SYNOPSIS
xh [OPTIONS] [METHOD] URL [--] [REQUEST_ITEM ...]
DESCRIPTION
xh is an HTTP client with a friendly command line interface. It strives to have readable output and easy-to-use options.
xh is mostly compatible with HTTPie: see http(1).
The --curl option can be used to print a curl(1) translation of the command instead of sending a request.
POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS
- [METHOD]
- The HTTP method to use for the request.
This defaults to GET, or to POST if the request contains a body.
- URL
- The URL to request.
The URL scheme defaults to "http://" normally, or "https://" if the program is invoked as "xhs".
A leading colon works as shorthand for localhost. ":8000" is equivalent to "localhost:8000", and ":/path" is equivalent to "localhost/path".
- [REQUEST_ITEM ...]
- Optional key-value pairs to be included in the request.
The separator is used to determine the type:
- key==value
- Add a query string to the URL.
- key=value
- Add a JSON property (--json) or form field (--form) to the request body.
- key:=value
- Add a field with a literal JSON value to the request body.
Example: "numbers:=[1,2,3] enabled:=true"
- key@filename
- Upload a file (requires --form or --multipart).
To set the filename and mimetype, ";type=" and ";filename=" can be used respectively.
Example: "pfp@ra.jpg;type=image/jpeg;filename=profile.jpg"
- @filename
- Use a file as the request body.
- header:value
- Add a header, e.g. "user-agent:foobar"
- header:
- Unset a header, e.g. "connection:"
- header;
- Add a header with an empty value.
A backslash can be used to escape special characters, e.g. "weird\:key=value".
To construct a complex JSON object, the REQUEST_ITEM's key can be set to a JSON path instead of a field name. For more information on this syntax, refer to https://httpie.io/docs/cli/nested-json.
OPTIONS
Each --OPTION can be reset with a --no-OPTION argument.
- -j, --json
- (default) Serialize data items from the command line as a JSON object.
Overrides both --form and --multipart.
- -f, --form
- Serialize data items from the command line as form fields.
Overrides both --json and --multipart.
- --multipart
- Like --form, but force a multipart/form-data request even without files.
Overrides both --json and --form.
- --raw=RAW
- Pass raw request data without extra processing.
- --pretty=STYLE
- Controls output processing. Possible values are:
all (default) Enable both coloring and formatting
colors Apply syntax highlighting to output
format Pretty-print json and sort headers
none Disable both coloring and formattingDefaults to "format" if the NO_COLOR env is set and to "none" if stdout is not tty.
- --format-options=FORMAT_OPTIONS
- Set output formatting options. Supported option are:
json.indent:<NUM>
json.format:<true|false>
headers.sort:<true|false>Example: --format-options=json.indent:2,headers.sort:false.
- -s, --style=THEME
- Output coloring style.
[possible values: auto, solarized, monokai, fruity]
- --response-charset=ENCODING
- Override the response encoding for terminal display purposes.
Example: --response-charset=latin1.
- --response-mime=MIME_TYPE
- Override the response mime type for coloring and formatting for the
terminal.
Example: --response-mime=application/json.
- -p, --print=FORMAT
- String specifying what the output should contain
'H' request headers
'B' request body
'h' response headers
'b' response body
'm' response metadataExample: --print=Hb.
- -h, --headers
- Print only the response headers. Shortcut for --print=h.
- -b, --body
- Print only the response body. Shortcut for --print=b.
- -m, --meta
- Print only the response metadata. Shortcut for --print=m.
- -v, --verbose
- Print the whole request as well as the response.
Additionally, this enables --all for printing intermediary requests/responses while following redirects.
Using verbose twice i.e. -vv will print the response metadata as well.
Equivalent to --print=HhBb --all.
- --debug
- Print full error stack traces and debug log messages.
Logging can be configured in more detail using the `$RUST_LOG` environment variable. Set `RUST_LOG=trace` to show even more messages. See https://docs.rs/env_logger/0.11.3/env_logger/#enabling-logging.
- --all
- Show any intermediary requests/responses while following redirects with --follow.
- -P, --history-print=FORMAT
- The same as --print but applies only to intermediary requests/responses.
- -q, --quiet
- Do not print to stdout or stderr.
Using quiet twice i.e. -qq will suppress warnings as well.
- -S, --stream
- Always stream the response body.
- -o, --output=FILE
- Save output to FILE instead of stdout.
- -d, --download
- Download the body to a file instead of printing it.
The Accept-Encoding header is set to identify and any redirects will be followed.
- -c, --continue
- Resume an interrupted download. Requires --download and --output.
- --session=FILE
- Create, or reuse and update a session.
Within a session, custom headers, auth credentials, as well as any cookies sent by the server persist between requests.
- --session-read-only=FILE
- Create or read a session without updating it form the request/response exchange.
- -A, --auth-type=AUTH_TYPE
- Specify the auth mechanism.
[possible values: basic, bearer, digest]
- -a, --auth=USER[:PASS] | TOKEN
- Authenticate as USER with PASS (-A basic|digest) or with TOKEN (-A
bearer).
PASS will be prompted if missing. Use a trailing colon (i.e. "USER:") to authenticate with just a username.
TOKEN is expected if --auth-type=bearer.
- --ignore-netrc
- Do not use credentials from .netrc.
- --offline
- Construct HTTP requests without sending them anywhere.
- --check-status
- (default) Exit with an error status code if the server replies with an
error.
The exit code will be 4 on 4xx (Client Error), 5 on 5xx (Server Error), or 3 on 3xx (Redirect) if --follow isn't set.
If stdout is redirected then a warning is written to stderr.
- -F, --follow
- Do follow redirects.
- --max-redirects=NUM
- Number of redirects to follow. Only respected if --follow is used.
- --timeout=SEC
- Connection timeout of the request.
The default value is "0", i.e., there is no timeout limit.
- --proxy=PROTOCOL:URL
- Use a proxy for a protocol. For example: --proxy
https:http://proxy.host:8080.
PROTOCOL can be "http", "https" or "all".
If your proxy requires credentials, put them in the URL, like so: --proxy http:socks5://user:password@proxy.host:8000.
You can specify proxies for multiple protocols by repeating this option.
The environment variables "http_proxy" and "https_proxy" can also be used, but are completely ignored if --proxy is passed.
- --verify=VERIFY
- If "no", skip SSL verification. If a file path, use it as a CA
bundle.
Specifying a CA bundle will disable the system's built-in root certificates.
"false" instead of "no" also works. The default is "yes" ("true").
- --cert=FILE
- Use a client side certificate for SSL.
- --cert-key=FILE
- A private key file to use with --cert.
Only necessary if the private key is not contained in the cert file.
- --ssl=VERSION
- Force a particular TLS version.
"auto" gives the default behavior of negotiating a version with the server.
[possible values: auto, tls1, tls1.1, tls1.2, tls1.3]
- --native-tls
- Use the system TLS library instead of rustls (if enabled at compile time).
- --https
- Make HTTPS requests if not specified in the URL.
- --http-version=VERSION
- HTTP version to use.
[possible values: 1.0, 1.1, 2, 2-prior-knowledge]
- --resolve=HOST:ADDRESS
- Override DNS resolution for specific domain to a custom IP.
You can override multiple domains by repeating this option.
Example: --resolve=example.com:127.0.0.1.
- --interface=NAME
- Bind to a network interface or local IP address.
Example: --interface=eth0 --interface=192.168.0.2.
- -4, --ipv4
- Resolve hostname to ipv4 addresses only.
- -6, --ipv6
- Resolve hostname to ipv6 addresses only.
- -I, --ignore-stdin
- Do not attempt to read stdin.
This disables the default behaviour of reading the request body from stdin when a redirected input is detected.
It is recommended to pass this flag when using xh for scripting purposes. For more information, refer to https://httpie.io/docs/cli/best-practices.
- --curl
- Print a translation to a curl command.
For translating the other way, try https://curl2httpie.online/.
- --curl-long
- Use the long versions of curl's flags.
- --help
- Print help.
- -V, --version
- Print version.
EXIT STATUS
- 0
- Successful program execution.
- 1
- Usage, syntax or network error.
- 2
- Request timeout.
- 3
- Unexpected HTTP 3xx Redirection.
- 4
- HTTP 4xx Client Error.
- 5
- HTTP 5xx Server Error.
- 6
- Too many redirects.
ENVIRONMENT
- XH_CONFIG_DIR
- Specifies where to look for config.json and named session data. The default is ~/.config/xh for Linux/macOS and %APPDATA%\xh for Windows.
- XH_HTTPIE_COMPAT_MODE
- Enables the HTTPie Compatibility Mode. The only current difference is that --check-status is not enabled by default. An alternative to setting this environment variable is to rename the binary to either http or https.
- REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE, CURL_CA_BUNDLE
- Sets a custom CA bundle path.
- http_proxy=[protocol://]<host>[:port]
- Sets the proxy server to use for HTTP.
- HTTPS_PROXY=[protocol://]<host>[:port]
- Sets the proxy server to use for HTTPS.
- NO_PROXY
- List of comma-separated hosts for which to ignore the other proxy environment variables. "*" matches all host names.
- NETRC
- Location of the .netrc file.
- NO_COLOR
- Disables output coloring. See https://no-color.org
- RUST_LOG
- Configure low-level debug messages. See https://docs.rs/env_logger/0.11.3/env_logger/#enabling-logging
FILES
- ~/.config/xh/config.json
- xh configuration file. The only configurable option is "default_options" which is a list of default shell arguments that gets passed to xh. Example:
- ~/.netrc, ~/_netrc
- Auto-login information file.
- ~/.config/xh/sessions
- Session data directory grouped by domain and port number.
EXAMPLES
- xh httpbin.org/json
- Send a GET request.
- xh httpbin.org/post name=ahmed age:=24
- Send a POST request with body {"name": "ahmed", "age": 24}.
- xh get httpbin.org/json id==5 sort==true
- Send a GET request to http://httpbin.org/json?id=5&sort=true.
- xh get httpbin.org/json x-api-key:12345
- Send a GET request and include a header named X-Api-Key with value 12345.
- echo "[1, 2, 3]" | xh post httpbin.org/post
- Send a POST request with body read from stdin.
- xh put httpbin.org/put id:=49 age:=25 | less
- Send a PUT request and pipe the result to less.
- xh -d httpbin.org/json -o res.json
- Download and save to res.json.
- xh httpbin.org/get user-agent:foobar
- Make a request with a custom user agent.
- xhs example.com
- Make an HTTPS request to https://example.com.
REPORTING BUGS
xh's Github issues https://github.com/ducaale/xh/issues
SEE ALSO
HTTPie's online documentation https://httpie.io/docs/cli
2024-10-12 | 0.23.0 |