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.TH coreutils 1  "coreutils " 
.SH NAME
coreutils
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBcoreutils\fR [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fIsubcommands\fR]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
Print help
.SH SUBCOMMANDS
.TP
coreutils\-arch(1)
Display machine architecture
.TP
coreutils\-base32(1)
encode/decode data and print to standard output
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.

The data are encoded as described for the base32 alphabet in RFC 4648.
When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition
to the bytes of the formal base32 alphabet. Use \-\-ignore\-garbage
to attempt to recover from any other non\-alphabet bytes in the
encoded stream.
.TP
coreutils\-base64(1)
encode/decode data and print to standard output
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.

The data are encoded as described for the base32 alphabet in RFC 4648.
When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition
to the bytes of the formal base32 alphabet. Use \-\-ignore\-garbage
to attempt to recover from any other non\-alphabet bytes in the
encoded stream.
.TP
coreutils\-basename(1)
Print NAME with any leading directory components removed
If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX
.TP
coreutils\-basenc(1)
Encode/decode data and print to standard output
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.

When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition to the bytes of
the formal alphabet. Use \-\-ignore\-garbage to attempt to recover
from any other non\-alphabet bytes in the encoded stream.
.TP
coreutils\-cat(1)
Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-chgrp(1)
Change the group of each FILE to GROUP.
.TP
coreutils\-chmod(1)
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
With \-\-reference, change the mode of each FILE to that of RFILE.
.TP
coreutils\-chown(1)
Change file owner and group
.TP
coreutils\-chroot(1)
Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.
.TP
coreutils\-cksum(1)
Print CRC and size for each file
.TP
coreutils\-comm(1)
Compare two sorted files line by line.

When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is \-, read standard input.

With no options, produce three\-column output. Column one contains
lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2,
and column three contains lines common to both files.
.TP
coreutils\-cp(1)
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
.TP
coreutils\-csplit(1)
Split a file into sections determined by context lines
.TP
coreutils\-cut(1)
Prints specified byte or field columns from each line of stdin or the input files
.TP
coreutils\-date(1)
Print or set the system date and time
.TP
coreutils\-dd(1)
Copy, and optionally convert, a file system resource
.TP
coreutils\-df(1)
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
.TP
coreutils\-dir(1)
List directory contents.
Ignore files and directories starting with a \*(Aq.\*(Aq by default
.TP
coreutils\-dircolors(1)
Output commands to set the LS_COLORS environment variable.
.TP
coreutils\-dirname(1)
Strip last component from file name
.TP
coreutils\-du(1)
Estimate file space usage
.TP
coreutils\-echo(1)
Display a line of text
.TP
coreutils\-env(1)
Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND
.TP
coreutils\-expand(1)
Convert tabs in each `FILE` to spaces, writing to standard output.
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `\-`, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-expr(1)
Print the value of `EXPRESSION` to standard output
.TP
coreutils\-factor(1)
Print the prime factors of the given NUMBER(s).
If none are specified, read from standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-false(1)
Returns false, an unsuccessful exit status.

Immediately returns with the exit status `1`. When invoked with one of the recognized options it
will try to write the help or version text. Any IO error during this operation is diagnosed, yet
the program will also return `1`.
.TP
coreutils\-fmt(1)
Reformat paragraphs from input files (or stdin) to stdout.
.TP
coreutils\-fold(1)
Writes each file (or standard input if no files are given)
to standard output whilst breaking long lines
.TP
coreutils\-groups(1)
Print group memberships for each `USERNAME` or, if no `USERNAME` is specified, for
the current process (which may differ if the groups data‐base has changed).
.TP
coreutils\-hashsum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-md5sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha1sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha224sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha256sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha384sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha512sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha3sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha3\-224sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha3\-256sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha3\-384sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-sha3\-512sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-shake128sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-shake256sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-b2sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-b3sum(1)
Compute and check message digests.
.TP
coreutils\-head(1)
Print the first 10 lines of each `FILE` to standard output.
With more than one `FILE`, precede each with a header giving the file name.
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `\-`, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long flags are mandatory for short flags too.
.TP
coreutils\-hostid(1)
Print the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current host
.TP
coreutils\-hostname(1)
Display or set the system\*(Aqs host name.
.TP
coreutils\-id(1)
Print user and group information for each specified `USER`,
or (when `USER` omitted) for the current user.
.TP
coreutils\-install(1)
Copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to the existing
DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group
.TP
coreutils\-join(1)
For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to
standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by blanks.

When `FILE1` or `FILE2` (not both) is `\-`, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-kill(1)
Send signal to processes or list information about signals.
.TP
coreutils\-link(1)
Call the link function to create a link named FILE2 to an existing FILE1.
.TP
coreutils\-ln(1)
Make links between files.
.TP
coreutils\-logname(1)
Print user\*(Aqs login name
.TP
coreutils\-ls(1)
List directory contents.
Ignore files and directories starting with a \*(Aq.\*(Aq by default
.TP
coreutils\-mkdir(1)
Create the given DIRECTORY(ies) if they do not exist
.TP
coreutils\-mkfifo(1)
Create a FIFO with the given name.
.TP
coreutils\-mknod(1)
Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE.
.TP
coreutils\-mktemp(1)
Create a temporary file or directory.
.TP
coreutils\-more(1)
Display the contents of a text file
.TP
coreutils\-mv(1)
Move `SOURCE` to `DEST`, or multiple `SOURCE`(s) to `DIRECTORY`.
.TP
coreutils\-nice(1)
Run `COMMAND` with an adjusted niceness, which affects process scheduling.
With no `COMMAND`, print the current niceness.  Niceness values range from at
least \-20 (most favorable to the process) to 19 (least favorable to the
process).
.TP
coreutils\-nl(1)
Number lines of files
.TP
coreutils\-nohup(1)
Run COMMAND ignoring hangup signals.
.TP
coreutils\-nproc(1)
Print the number of cores available to the current process.
If the `OMP_NUM_THREADS` or `OMP_THREAD_LIMIT` environment variables are set, then
they will determine the minimum and maximum returned value respectively.
.TP
coreutils\-numfmt(1)
Convert numbers from/to human\-readable strings
.TP
coreutils\-od(1)
Dump files in octal and other formats
.TP
coreutils\-paste(1)
Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from each
`FILE`, separated by `TAB`s, to standard output.
.TP
coreutils\-pathchk(1)
Check whether file names are valid or portable
.TP
coreutils\-pinky(1)
Displays brief user information on Unix\-based systems
.TP
coreutils\-pr(1)
Write content of given file or standard input to standard output with pagination filter
.TP
coreutils\-printenv(1)
Display the values of the specified environment VARIABLE(s), or (with no VARIABLE) display name and value pairs for them all.
.TP
coreutils\-printf(1)
Print output based off of the format string and proceeding arguments.
.TP
coreutils\-ptx(1)
Produce a permuted index of file contents
Output a permuted index, including context, of the words in the input files.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input. Default is \*(Aq\-F /\*(Aq.
.TP
coreutils\-pwd(1)
Display the full filename of the current working directory.
.TP
coreutils\-readlink(1)
Print value of a symbolic link or canonical file name.
.TP
coreutils\-realpath(1)
Print the resolved path
.TP
coreutils\-rm(1)
Remove (unlink) the FILE(s)
.TP
coreutils\-rmdir(1)
Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.
.TP
coreutils\-seq(1)
Display numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT.
.TP
coreutils\-shred(1)
Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder for even
very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.
.TP
coreutils\-shuf(1)
Shuffle the input by outputting a random permutation of input lines.
Each output permutation is equally likely.
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-sleep(1)
Pause for NUMBER seconds.
.TP
coreutils\-sort(1)
Display sorted concatenation of all FILE(s). With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-split(1)
Create output files containing consecutive or interleaved sections of input
.TP
coreutils\-stat(1)
Display file or file system status.
.TP
coreutils\-stdbuf(1)
Run `COMMAND`, with modified buffering operations for its standard streams.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
.TP
coreutils\-sum(1)
Checksum and count the blocks in a file.

With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-sync(1)
Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage
.TP
coreutils\-tac(1)
Write each file to standard output, last line first.
.TP
coreutils\-tail(1)
Print the last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long flags are mandatory for short flags too.
.TP
coreutils\-tee(1)
Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.
.TP
coreutils\-timeout(1)
Start `COMMAND`, and kill it if still running after `DURATION`.
.TP
coreutils\-touch(1)
Update the access and modification times of each `FILE` to the current time.
.TP
coreutils\-tr(1)
Translate or delete characters
.TP
coreutils\-true(1)
Returns true, a successful exit status.

Immediately returns with the exit status `0`, except when invoked with one of the recognized
options. In those cases it will try to write the help or version text. Any IO error during this
operation causes the program to return `1` instead.
.TP
coreutils\-truncate(1)
Shrink or extend the size of each file to the specified size.
.TP
coreutils\-tsort(1)
Topological sort the strings in FILE.
Strings are defined as any sequence of tokens separated by whitespace (tab, space, or newline), ordering them based on dependencies in a directed acyclic graph (DAG). 
Useful for scheduling and determining execution order.
If FILE is not passed in, stdin is used instead.
.TP
coreutils\-tty(1)
Print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-uname(1)
Print certain system information. 
With no OPTION, same as \-s.
.TP
coreutils\-unexpand(1)
Convert blanks in each `FILE` to tabs, writing to standard output.
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `\-`, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-uniq(1)
Report or omit repeated lines.
.TP
coreutils\-unlink(1)
Unlink the file at `FILE`.
.TP
coreutils\-uptime(1)
Display the current time, the length of time the system has been up,
the number of users on the system, and the average number of jobs
in the run queue over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes.
.TP
coreutils\-users(1)
Print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host.
.TP
coreutils\-test(1)
Check file types and compare values.
.TP
coreutils\-[(1)
Check file types and compare values.
.TP
coreutils\-vdir(1)
List directory contents.
Ignore files and directories starting with a \*(Aq.\*(Aq by default
.TP
coreutils\-wc(1)
Display newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if
more than one FILE is specified. With no FILE, or when FILE is \-, read standard input.
.TP
coreutils\-who(1)
Print information about users who are currently logged in.
.TP
coreutils\-whoami(1)
Print the current username.
.TP
coreutils\-yes(1)
Repeatedly display a line with STRING (or \*(Aqy\*(Aq)
.TP
coreutils\-help(1)
Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)