.\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- '\" t .\" DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND! .\" It is generated from terminfo.head, ./../include/Caps ./../include/Caps-ncurses, and terminfo.tail. .\" .\" Note: this must be run through tbl before nroff. .\" The magic cookie on the first line triggers this under some man programs. .\"*************************************************************************** .\" Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. 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Translate the source file. .\" .\"******************************************************************* .TH terminfo 5 "20 kwietnia 2024 r." "ncurses 6.5" "Formaty plików" .ie \n(.g \{\ .ds `` \(lq .ds '' \(rq .ds ' \(aq .ds ^ \(ha .ds ~ \(ti .\} .el \{\ .ie t .ds `` `` .el .ds `` "" .ie t .ds '' '' .el .ds '' "" .ds ' ' .ds ^ ^ .ds ~ ~ .\} . .de bP .ie n .IP \(bu 4 .el .IP \(bu 2 .. . .ds d /usr/share/terminfo .SH NAZWA \fB\%terminfo\fP \- terminal capability database .SH SKŁADNIA \*d/*/* .SH OPIS \fITerminfo\fP is a database describing terminals, used by screen\-oriented programs such as \fBnvi\fP(1), \fBlynx\fP(1), \fBmutt\fP(1), and other curses applications, using high\-level calls to libraries such as \fBcurses\fP(3X). It is also used via low\-level calls by non\-curses applications which may be screen\-oriented (such as \fBclear\fP(1)) or non\-screen (such as \fBtabs\fP(1)). .PP \fITerminfo\fP describes terminals by giving a set of capabilities which they have, by specifying how to perform screen operations, and by specifying padding requirements and initialization sequences. .PP This document describes \fI\%ncurses\fP version 6.5 (patch 20240427). .SS "\fIterminfo\fP Entry Syntax" Entries in \fIterminfo\fP consist of a sequence of fields: .bP Each field ends with a comma \*(``,\*('' (embedded commas may be escaped with a backslash or written as \*(``\e054\*(''). .bP White space between fields is ignored. .bP The first field in a \fIterminfo\fP entry begins in the first column. .bP Newlines and leading whitespace (spaces or tabs) may be used for formatting entries for readability. These are removed from parsed entries. .IP The \fBinfocmp\fP \fB\-f\fP and \fB\-W\fP options rely on this to format if\-then\-else expressions, or to enforce maximum line\-width. The resulting formatted terminal description can be read by \fBtic\fP. .bP The first field for each terminal gives the names which are known for the terminal, separated by \*(``|\*('' characters. .IP The first name given is the most common abbreviation for the terminal (its primary name), the last name given should be a long name fully identifying the terminal (see \fBlongname\fP(3X)), and all others are treated as synonyms (aliases) for the primary terminal name. .IP X/Open Curses advises that all names but the last should be in lower case and contain no blanks; the last name may well contain upper case and blanks for readability. .IP This implementation is not so strict; it allows mixed case in the primary name and aliases. If the last name has no embedded blanks, it allows that to be both an alias and a verbose name (but will warn about this ambiguity). .bP Lines beginning with a \*(``#\*('' in the first column are treated as comments. .IP While comment lines are valid at any point, the output of \fBcaptoinfo\fP and \fBinfotocap\fP (aliases for \fBtic\fP) will move comments so they occur only between entries. .PP Terminal names (except for the last, verbose entry) should be chosen using the following conventions. The particular piece of hardware making up the terminal should have a root name, thus \*(``hp2621\*(''. This name should not contain hyphens. Modes that the hardware can be in, or user preferences, should be indicated by appending a hyphen and a mode suffix. Thus, a vt100 in 132\-column mode would be vt100\-w. The following suffixes should be used where possible: .PP .TS center; Lb Lb Lb L L Lx. Przyrostek PRZYKŁADY Znaczenie _ \-\fInn\fP aaa\-60 Liczba wierszy ekranu \-\fIn\fPp c100\-4p Liczba stron pamięci \-am vt100\-am Z automarginesami (zwykle domyślne) \-m ansi\-m Tryb mono; powstrzymuje kolor \-mc wy30\-mc Magiczne ciastko; spacje przy podświetlaniu \-na c100\-na Brak klawiszy strzałek (zostaw je w lokalnym) \-nam vt100\-nam Bez automatycznych marginesów \-nl hp2621\-nl Bez linii statusu \-ns hp2626\-ns Bez linii statusu \-rv c100\-rv Odwrócone kolory \-s vt100\-s Włącza linię statusu \-vb wy370\-vb Używa wizualnego dzwonka zamiast audio \-w vt100\-w Szeroki tryb (> 80 kolumn, zwykle 132) .TE .PP Dla dalszych informacji o konwencjach nazywania, poczytaj stronę \fBterm\fP(7). .SS "\fIterminfo\fP Capabilities Syntax" The terminfo entry consists of several \fIcapabilities\fP, i.e., features that the terminal has, or methods for exercising the terminal's features. .PP After the first field (giving the name(s) of the terminal entry), there should be one or more \fIcapability\fP fields. These are Boolean, numeric or string names with corresponding values: .bP Boolean capabilities are true when present, false when absent. There is no explicit value for Boolean capabilities. .bP Numeric capabilities have a \*(``#\*('' following the name, then an unsigned decimal integer value. .bP String capabilities have a \*(``=\*('' following the name, then an string of characters making up the capability value. .IP String capabilities can be split into multiple lines, just as the fields comprising a terminal entry can be split into multiple lines. While blanks between fields are ignored, blanks embedded within a string value are retained, except for leading blanks on a line. .PP Any capability can be \fIcanceled\fP, i.e., suppressed from the terminal entry, by following its name with \*(``@\*('' rather than a capability value. .SS "Podobne terminale" If there are two very similar terminals, one (the variant) can be defined as being just like the other (the base) with certain exceptions. In the definition of the variant, the string capability \fBuse\fP can be given with the name of the base terminal: .bP The capabilities given before \fBuse\fP override those in the base type named by \fBuse\fP. .bP If there are multiple \fBuse\fP capabilities, they are merged in reverse order. That is, the rightmost \fBuse\fP reference is processed first, then the one to its left, and so forth. .bP Capabilities given explicitly in the entry override those brought in by \fBuse\fP references. .PP A capability can be canceled by placing \fBxx@\fP to the left of the use reference that imports it, where \fIxx\fP is the capability. For example, the entry .RS .PP 2621\-nl, smkx@, rmkx@, use=2621, .RE .PP defines a 2621\-nl that does not have the \fBsmkx\fP or \fBrmkx\fP capabilities, and hence does not turn on the function key labels when in visual mode. This is useful for different modes for a terminal, or for different user preferences. .PP An entry included via \fBuse\fP can contain canceled capabilities, which have the same effect as if those cancels were inline in the using terminal entry. .SS "Predefined Capabilities" .\" Head of terminfo man page ends here .ps -1 Tables of capabilities \fI\%ncurses\fP recognizes in a \fI\%term\%info\fP terminal type description and available to \fI\%term\%info\fP\-using code follow. .bP The capability name identifies the symbol by which the programmer using the \fI\%term\%info\fP API accesses the capability. .bP The TI (\fI\%term\%info\fP) code is the short name used by a person composing or updating a terminal type entry. .IP Whenever possible, these codes are the same as or similar to those of the ANSI X3.64\-1979 standard (now superseded by ECMA\-48, which uses identical or very similar names). Semantics are also intended to match those of the specification. .IP \fI\%term\%info\fP codes have no hard length limit, but \fI\%ncurses\fP maintains an informal one of 5 characters to keep them short and to allow the tabs in the source file \fICaps\fP to line up nicely. (Some standard codes exceed this limit regardless.) .bP The TC (\fItermcap\fP) code is that used by the corresponding API of \fI\%ncurses\fP. (Some capabilities are new, and have names that BSD \fItermcap\fP did not originate.) .bP The description field attempts to convey the capability's semantics. .PP The description field employs a handful of notations. .TP \fB(P)\fP określa, że można podać wypełnianie (padding) .TP \fB(P*)\fP indicates that padding may vary in proportion to the number of output lines affected. .TP \fB#\fP\fIi\fP indicates the \fIi\fPth parameter of a string capability; the programmer should pass the string to \fB\%tparm\fP(3X) with the parameters listed. .IP If the description lists no parameters, passing the string to \fB\%tparm\fP(3X) may produce unexpected behavior, for instance if the string contains percent signs. . .PP .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& Boolean Capability Name TI TC Opis _ auto_left_margin bw bw T{ .ad l cub1 wraps from column 0 to last column T} auto_right_margin am am T{ .ad l terminal ma marginesy automatyczne T} no_esc_ctlc xsb xb T{ .ad l beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C) T} ceol_standout_glitch xhp xs T{ .ad l standout not erased by overwriting (hp) T} eat_newline_glitch xenl xn T{ .ad l newline ignored after 80 cols (concept) T} erase_overstrike eo eo T{ .ad l can erase overstrikes with a blank T} generic_type gn gn T{ .ad l generic line type T} hard_copy hc hc T{ .ad l hardcopy terminal T} has_meta_key km km T{ .ad l Has a meta key (i.e., sets 8th\-bit) T} has_status_line hs hs T{ .ad l ma dodatkową linię statusu T} insert_null_glitch in in T{ .ad l tryb wstawiania (insert) rozróżnia zera (nulls) T} memory_above da da T{ .ad l wyświetlacz może być zachowywany ponad ekranem T} memory_below db db T{ .ad l wyświetlacz może być zachowywany pod ekranem T} move_insert_mode mir mi T{ .ad l safe to move while in insert mode T} move_standout_mode msgr ms T{ .ad l safe to move while in standout mode T} over_strike os os T{ .ad l terminal może nadstukiwać T} status_line_esc_ok eslok es T{ .ad l w linii statusu można używać escape T} dest_tabs_magic_smso xt xt T{ .ad l tabs destructive, magic so char (t1061) T} tilde_glitch hz hz T{ .ad l cannot print ~'s (Hazeltine) T} transparent_underline ul ul T{ .ad l underline character overstrikes T} xon_xoff xon xo T{ .ad l terminal używa potwierdzania xon/xoff T} needs_xon_xoff nxon nx T{ .ad l padding will not work, xon/xoff required T} prtr_silent mc5i 5i T{ .ad l drukarka nie daje echa na ekran T} hard_cursor chts HC T{ .ad l kursor jest trudny do zobaczenia T} non_rev_rmcup nrrmc NR T{ .ad l smcup nie odwraca rmcup T} no_pad_char npc NP T{ .ad l znak dopełniania nie istnieje T} non_dest_scroll_region ndscr ND T{ .ad l przewijanie regionu nie jest destruktywne T} can_change ccc cc T{ .ad l terminal może redefiniować istniejące kolory T} back_color_erase bce ut T{ .ad l ekran jest czyszczony kolorem tła T} hue_lightness_saturation hls hl T{ .ad l terminal używa tylko notacji HLS kolorów (Tektronix) T} col_addr_glitch xhpa YA T{ .ad l jedynie ruchy dodatnie dla właściwości hpa/mhpa T} cr_cancels_micro_mode crxm YB T{ .ad l używanie cr wyłącza tryb micro T} has_print_wheel daisy YC T{ .ad l drukarka wymaga do zmiany zestawu znaków operatora T} row_addr_glitch xvpa YD T{ .ad l daje tylko dodatnie ruchy dla właść. vpa/mvpa T} semi_auto_right_margin sam YE T{ .ad l drukowanie ostatniej kolumny powoduje cr T} cpi_changes_res cpix YF T{ .ad l changing character pitch changes resolution T} lpi_changes_res lpix YG T{ .ad l zmienianie natężenia (pitch) linii zmienia rozdzielczość T} .TE .PP . .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& Numeric Capability Name TI TC Opis _ columns cols co T{ .ad l liczba kolumn w linii T} init_tabs it it T{ .ad l początkowo tabulacje co # spacji T} lines lines li T{ .ad l liczba linii na ekranie lub stronie T} lines_of_memory lm lm T{ .ad l lines of memory if > line. 0 means varies T} magic_cookie_glitch xmc sg T{ .ad l liczba spacji, pozostawianych przez smso lub rmso T} padding_baud_rate pb pb T{ .ad l najniższa szybkość przesyłu (baud rate) gdy wymagane jest wypełnianie (padding). T} virtual_terminal vt vt T{ .ad l liczba terminali wirtualnych (CB/unix) T} width_status_line wsl ws T{ .ad l liczba kolumn w linii statusu T} num_labels nlab Nl T{ .ad l liczba etykiet na ekranie T} label_height lh lh T{ .ad l rows in each label T} label_width lw lw T{ .ad l kolumny w każdej etykiecie T} max_attributes ma ma T{ .ad l maksymalna liczba połączonych atrybutów, które obsługuje terminal T} maximum_windows wnum MW T{ .ad l maksymalna liczna definiowalnych okien T} max_colors colors Co T{ .ad l maksymalna liczba kolorów na ekranie T} max_pairs pairs pa T{ .ad l maximum number of color\-pairs on the screen T} no_color_video ncv NC T{ .ad l atrybuty wideo, których nie można używać z kolorami T} .TE .PP . W strukturze term SVr4.0 istnieją też następujące właściwości numeryczne, lecz nie są one jeszcze udokumentowane w podręczniku. Pochodzą one z SVr4\-tego wsparcia dla drukarki. . .PP .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& Numeric Capability Name TI TC Opis _ buffer_capacity bufsz Ya T{ .ad l licza bajtów buforowanych przed drukowaniem T} dot_vert_spacing spinv Yb T{ .ad l spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch T} dot_horz_spacing spinh Yc T{ .ad l spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch T} max_micro_address maddr Yd T{ .ad l maksymalna wartość w micro_..._address T} max_micro_jump mjump Ye T{ .ad l maksymalna wartość w parm_..._micro T} micro_col_size mcs Yf T{ .ad l rozmiar kroku znakowego w trybie micro mode T} micro_line_size mls Yg T{ .ad l rozmiar kroku liniowego w trybie micro mode T} number_of_pins npins Yh T{ .ad l liczba igieł w głowicy drukującej (print\-head) T} output_res_char orc Yi T{ .ad l horizontal resolution in units per line T} output_res_line orl Yj T{ .ad l rozdzielczość pionowa w jednostkach na linię T} output_res_horz_inch orhi Yk T{ .ad l horizontal resolution in units per inch T} output_res_vert_inch orvi Yl T{ .ad l rozdzielczość pionowa w jednostkach na cal T} print_rate cps Ym T{ .ad l wydrukuj szybkość przesyłu w znakach na sekundę T} wide_char_size widcs Yn T{ .ad l rozmiar kroku znaku w trybie podwojonej szerokości T} buttons btns BT T{ .ad l liczba przycisków myszy T} bit_image_entwining bitwin Yo T{ .ad l liczba przejść (passes) dla każdego wiersza obrazu bitowego T} bit_image_type bitype Yp T{ .ad l rodzaj urządzenia obrazu bitowego T} .TE .PP . .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& String Capability Name TI TC Opis _ back_tab cbt bt T{ .ad l wsteczna tabulacja (P) T} bell bel bl T{ .ad l sygnał audiofoniczny (dzwonek) (P) T} carriage_return cr cr T{ .ad l powrót karetki (P*) (P*) T} change_scroll_region csr cs T{ .ad l zmień region na linię #1 do linii #2 (P) T} clear_all_tabs tbc ct T{ .ad l czyść wszystkie tabulatory (tab stops) (P) T} clear_screen clear cl T{ .ad l clear screen and home cursor (P*) T} clr_eol el ce T{ .ad l wyczyść do końca linii (P) T} clr_eos ed cd T{ .ad l wyczyść do końca ekranu (P*) T} column_address hpa ch T{ .ad l horizontal position #1, absolute (P) T} command_character cmdch CC T{ .ad l terminal settable cmd character in prototype !? T} cursor_address cup cm T{ .ad l przejdź do wiersza #1 kolumny #2 T} cursor_down cud1 do T{ .ad l w dół o 1 linię T} cursor_home home ho T{ .ad l kursor do domu (jeśli bez cup) T} cursor_invisible civis vi T{ .ad l uczyń kursor niewidzialnym T} cursor_left cub1 le T{ .ad l move left one space T} cursor_mem_address mrcup CM T{ .ad l memory relative cursor addressing, move to row #1 columns #2 T} cursor_normal cnorm ve T{ .ad l make cursor appear normal (undo civis/cvvis) T} cursor_right cuf1 nd T{ .ad l niedestruktywna spacja (przejdź w prawo o spację) T} cursor_to_ll ll ll T{ .ad l ostatnia linia, pierwsza kolumna (jeśli bez cup) T} cursor_up cuu1 up T{ .ad l w górę o 1 linię T} cursor_visible cvvis vs T{ .ad l uczyń kursor bardzo widzialnym T} delete_character dch1 dc T{ .ad l delete character (P*) T} delete_line dl1 dl T{ .ad l delete line (P*) T} dis_status_line dsl ds T{ .ad l disable status line T} down_half_line hd hd T{ .ad l pół linii w dół T} enter_alt_charset_mode smacs as T{ .ad l start alternate character set (P) T} enter_blink_mode blink mb T{ .ad l włącz migotanie T} enter_bold_mode bold md T{ .ad l turn on bold (extra bright) mode T} enter_ca_mode smcup ti T{ .ad l string to start programs using cup T} enter_delete_mode smdc dm T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb kasowania (delete) T} enter_dim_mode dim mh T{ .ad l włącz tryb pół\-rozjaśnienia T} enter_insert_mode smir im T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb wstawiania (insert) T} enter_secure_mode invis mk T{ .ad l włącz tryb niewidzialny (znaki niewidoczne) T} enter_protected_mode prot mp T{ .ad l włącz tryb chroniony T} enter_reverse_mode rev mr T{ .ad l turn on reverse video mode T} enter_standout_mode smso so T{ .ad l begin standout mode T} enter_underline_mode smul us T{ .ad l begin underline mode T} erase_chars ech ec T{ .ad l wykasuj #1 znaków (P) T} exit_alt_charset_mode rmacs ae T{ .ad l zakończ [działanie] alternatywnego zestawu znaków (P) T} exit_attribute_mode sgr0 me T{ .ad l wyłącz wszystkie atrybuty T} exit_ca_mode rmcup te T{ .ad l łańcuchy do kończenia programów, używających cup T} exit_delete_mode rmdc ed T{ .ad l end delete mode T} exit_insert_mode rmir ei T{ .ad l zakończ tryb wstawiania T} exit_standout_mode rmso se T{ .ad l exit standout mode T} exit_underline_mode rmul ue T{ .ad l zakończ tryb podkreślenia T} flash_screen flash vb T{ .ad l widzialny dzwonek (nie może ruszać kursora) T} form_feed ff ff T{ .ad l hardcopy terminal page eject (P*) T} from_status_line fsl fs T{ .ad l powrót z linii statusu T} init_1string is1 i1 T{ .ad l łańcuch inicjalizacji T} init_2string is2 is T{ .ad l łańcuch inicjalizacji T} init_3string is3 i3 T{ .ad l łańcuch inicjalizacji T} init_file if if T{ .ad l nazwa pliku inicjalizacji T} insert_character ich1 ic T{ .ad l wstaw znak (P) T} insert_line il1 al T{ .ad l wstaw linię (P*) T} insert_padding ip ip T{ .ad l wstaw wypełnienie (padding) po wstawionym znaku T} key_backspace kbs kb T{ .ad l klawisz backspace T} key_catab ktbc ka T{ .ad l klawisz czyszczenia wszystkich tabulacji T} key_clear kclr kC T{ .ad l klawisz czyszczenia ekranu lub wymazywania T} key_ctab kctab kt T{ .ad l klawisz czyszczenia tabulacji T} key_dc kdch1 kD T{ .ad l delete\-character key T} key_dl kdl1 kL T{ .ad l delete\-line key T} key_down kcud1 kd T{ .ad l strzałka w dół T} .TE .TS center; Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. key_eic krmir kM T{ .ad l wysyłane przez rmir lub smir w trybie wstawiania T} key_eol kel kE T{ .ad l clear\-to\-end\-of\-line key T} key_eos ked kS T{ .ad l clear\-to\-end\-of\-screen key T} key_f0 kf0 k0 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F0 T} key_f1 kf1 k1 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F1 T} key_f10 kf10 k; T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F10 T} key_f2 kf2 k2 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F2 T} key_f3 kf3 k3 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F3 T} key_f4 kf4 k4 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F4 T} key_f5 kf5 k5 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F5 T} key_f6 kf6 k6 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F6 T} key_f7 kf7 k7 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F7 T} key_f8 kf8 k8 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F8 T} key_f9 kf9 k9 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F9 T} key_home khome kh T{ .ad l klawisz home T} key_ic kich1 kI T{ .ad l insert\-character key T} key_il kil1 kA T{ .ad l klawisz wstawiania linii T} key_left kcub1 kl T{ .ad l strzałka w lewo T} key_ll kll kH T{ .ad l lower\-left key (home down) T} key_npage knp kN T{ .ad l klawisz następnej\-strony T} key_ppage kpp kP T{ .ad l klawisz poprzedniej\-strony T} key_right kcuf1 kr T{ .ad l right\-arrow key T} key_sf kind kF T{ .ad l klawisz przewijania w przód T} key_sr kri kR T{ .ad l scroll\-backward key T} key_stab khts kT T{ .ad l set\-tab key T} key_up kcuu1 ku T{ .ad l up\-arrow key T} keypad_local rmkx ke T{ .ad l leave keyboard transmit mode T} keypad_xmit smkx ks T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb 'keyboard_transmit' T} lab_f0 lf0 l0 T{ .ad l label on function key f0 if not f0 T} lab_f1 lf1 l1 T{ .ad l label on function key f1 if not f1 T} lab_f10 lf10 la T{ .ad l label on function key f10 if not f10 T} lab_f2 lf2 l2 T{ .ad l label on function key f2 if not f2 T} lab_f3 lf3 l3 T{ .ad l label on function key f3 if not f3 T} lab_f4 lf4 l4 T{ .ad l label on function key f4 if not f4 T} lab_f5 lf5 l5 T{ .ad l label on function key f5 if not f5 T} lab_f6 lf6 l6 T{ .ad l label on function key f6 if not f6 T} lab_f7 lf7 l7 T{ .ad l label on function key f7 if not f7 T} lab_f8 lf8 l8 T{ .ad l label on function key f8 if not f8 T} lab_f9 lf9 l9 T{ .ad l label on function key f9 if not f9 T} meta_off rmm mo T{ .ad l wyłącz tryb meta T} meta_on smm mm T{ .ad l turn on meta mode (8th\-bit on) T} znak nowej linii nel nw T{ .ad l nowa linia (zachowuj się jak cr z lf) T} pad_char pad pc T{ .ad l znak wypełniania (zamiast zera) T} parm_dch dch DC T{ .ad l kasuj #1 znaków (P*) T} parm_delete_line dl DL T{ .ad l kasuj #1 linii (P*) T} parm_down_cursor cud DO T{ .ad l w dół o #1 linii (P*) T} parm_ich ich IC T{ .ad l wstaw #1 znaków (P*) T} parm_index indn SF T{ .ad l przewiń w przód o #1 linii (P) T} parm_insert_line il AL T{ .ad l wstaw #1 linii (P*) T} parm_left_cursor cub LE T{ .ad l przesuń #1 znaków w lewo (P) T} parm_right_cursor cuf RI T{ .ad l przesuń #1 znaków w prawo (P*) T} parm_rindex rin SR T{ .ad l przewiń wstecz o #1 linii (P) T} parm_up_cursor cuu UP T{ .ad l przejdź w górę o #1 linii (P*) T} pkey_key pfkey pk T{ .ad l zaprogramuj klawisz funkcyjny #1 na wysyłanie łańcucha #2 T} pkey_local pfloc pl T{ .ad l zaprogramuj klawisz funkcyjny #1 na wykonywanie łańcucha #2 T} pkey_xmit pfx px T{ .ad l zaprogramuj klawisz funkcyjny #1 na transmitowanie łańcucha #2 T} print_screen mc0 ps T{ .ad l print contents of screen T} prtr_off mc4 pf T{ .ad l wyłącz drukarkę T} prtr_on mc5 po T{ .ad l włącz drukarkę T} repeat_char rep rp T{ .ad l powtórz znak #1 #2 razy (P*) T} reset_1string rs1 r1 T{ .ad l łańcuch resetowania T} reset_2string rs2 r2 T{ .ad l łańcuch resetowania T} .TE .TS center; Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. reset_3string rs3 r3 T{ .ad l łańcuch resetowania T} reset_file rf rf T{ .ad l name of reset file T} restore_cursor rc rc T{ .ad l odtwórz pozycję kursora na ostatnie save_cursor T} row_address vpa cv T{ .ad l vertical position #1 absolute (P) T} save_cursor sc sc T{ .ad l zapisz bieżącą pozycję kursora (P) T} scroll_forward ind sf T{ .ad l przewiń tekst w górę (P) T} scroll_reverse ri sr T{ .ad l przewiń tekst w dół (P) T} set_attributes sgr sa T{ .ad l zdefiniuj atrybuty wideo #1\-#9 (PG9) T} set_tab hts st T{ .ad l ustaw tabulację w każdym wierszu, bieżąca kolumna (?) T} set_window wind wi T{ .ad l bieżące okno to linie #1\-#2 i kolumny #3\-#4 T} tab ht ta T{ .ad l tabuluj do następnego (sprzętowego) 8\-spacjowego tabulatora T} to_status_line tsl ts T{ .ad l move to status line, column #1 T} underline_char uc uc T{ .ad l podkreśl znak i przesuń się za niego T} up_half_line hu hu T{ .ad l pół linii w górę T} init_prog iprog iP T{ .ad l ścieżka do programu do inicjalizacji T} key_a1 ka1 K1 T{ .ad l lewy, górny róg keypadu T} key_a3 ka3 K3 T{ .ad l prawy, górny róg keypadu T} key_b2 kb2 K2 T{ .ad l środek keypadu T} key_c1 kc1 K4 T{ .ad l lewy, dolny róg keypadu T} key_c3 kc3 K5 T{ .ad l prawy, dolny róg keypadu T} prtr_non mc5p pO T{ .ad l włącz drukarkę na #1 bajtów T} char_padding rmp rP T{ .ad l podobne do ip, lecz w trybie wstawiania (insert) T} acs_chars acsc ac T{ .ad l graficzne pary zestawu znaków, oparte o vt100 T} plab_norm pln pn T{ .ad l zaprogramuj etykietę #1 na pokazywanie łańcucha #2 T} key_btab kcbt kB T{ .ad l klawisz wstecznej tabulacji T} enter_xon_mode smxon SX T{ .ad l turn on xon/xoff handshaking T} exit_xon_mode rmxon RX T{ .ad l turn off xon/xoff handshaking T} enter_am_mode smam SA T{ .ad l turn on automatic margins T} exit_am_mode rmam RA T{ .ad l wyłącz automatyczne marginesy T} xon_character xonc XN T{ .ad l znak XON T} xoff_character xoffc XF T{ .ad l znak XOFF T} ena_acs enacs eA T{ .ad l włącz alternatywny zestaw znaków T} label_on smln LO T{ .ad l włącz miękkie etykiety T} label_off rmln LF T{ .ad l turn off soft labels T} key_beg kbeg @1 T{ .ad l klawisz begin T} key_cancel kcan @2 T{ .ad l klawisz cancel (anulowania) T} key_close kclo @3 T{ .ad l klawisz close (zamykania) T} key_command kcmd @4 T{ .ad l klawisz poleceń T} key_copy kcpy @5 T{ .ad l klawisz copy (kopiowania) T} key_create kcrt @6 T{ .ad l klawisz create (tworzenia) T} key_end kend @7 T{ .ad l klawisz end T} key_enter kent @8 T{ .ad l klawisz enter/send T} key_exit kext @9 T{ .ad l klawisz exit (zakończenia) T} key_find kfnd @0 T{ .ad l klawisz find (szukania) T} key_help khlp %1 T{ .ad l klawisz help (pomocy) T} key_mark kmrk %2 T{ .ad l klawisz mark (zaznaczenia) T} key_message kmsg %3 T{ .ad l klawisz message (komunikatu) T} key_move kmov %4 T{ .ad l klawisz move (przemieszczenia) T} key_next knxt %5 T{ .ad l klawisz next (następny) T} key_open kopn %6 T{ .ad l klawisz open (otwarcia) T} key_options kopt %7 T{ .ad l klawisz options (opcji) T} key_previous kprv %8 T{ .ad l klawisz previous (poprzedni) T} key_print kprt %9 T{ .ad l klawisz print (drukowania) T} key_redo krdo %0 T{ .ad l klawisz redo (odtworzenia) T} key_reference kref &1 T{ .ad l klawisz reference T} key_refresh krfr &2 T{ .ad l klawisz refresh (odświeżenia) T} key_replace krpl &3 T{ .ad l klawisz replace (podmienienia) T} key_restart krst &4 T{ .ad l klawisz restart T} key_resume kres &5 T{ .ad l klawisz resume (wznowienia) T} key_save ksav &6 T{ .ad l klawisz save (zapisania) T} key_suspend kspd &7 T{ .ad l klawisz suspend (zawieszenia) T} key_undo kund &8 T{ .ad l klawisz undo (cofnięcia) T} .TE .TS center; Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. key_sbeg kBEG &9 T{ .ad l przesunięty (shifted) klawisz rozpoczęcia (begin key) T} key_scancel kCAN &0 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz cancel (anulowania) T} key_scommand kCMD *1 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz polecenia T} key_scopy kCPY *2 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz copy (kopiowania) T} key_screate kCRT *3 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz create (tworzenia) T} key_sdc kDC *4 T{ .ad l shifted delete\-character key T} key_sdl kDL *5 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz kasowania linii T} key_select kslt *6 T{ .ad l klawisz wybrania (select key) T} key_send kEND *7 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz end T} key_seol kEOL *8 T{ .ad l shifted clear\-to\-end\-of\-line key T} key_sexit kEXT *9 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz exit (zakończenia) T} key_sfind kFND *0 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz find (szukania) T} key_shelp kHLP #1 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz help (pomocy) T} key_shome kHOM #2 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz home T} key_sic kIC #3 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz wstawiania znaku T} key_sleft kLFT #4 T{ .ad l przesunięta strzałka w lewo T} key_smessage kMSG %a T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz message (komunikatu) T} key_smove kMOV %b T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz move (przemieszczenia) T} key_snext kNXT %c T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz next T} key_soptions kOPT %d T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz options (opcji) T} key_sprevious kPRV %e T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz previous (poprzedni) T} key_sprint kPRT %f T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz print (drukowania) T} key_sredo kRDO %g T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz redo (odtworzenia) T} key_sreplace kRPL %h T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz replace (podmienienia) T} key_sright kRIT %i T{ .ad l przesunięta strzałka w prawo T} key_srsume kRES \fB%j\fP T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz resume (wznowienia) T} key_ssave kSAV !1 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz save (zapisania) T} key_ssuspend kSPD !2 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz suspend (zawieszenia) T} key_sundo kUND !3 T{ .ad l przesunięty klawisz undo (cofnięcia) T} req_for_input rfi RF T{ .ad l wyślij następny znak wejściowy (dla pty) T} key_f11 kf11 F1 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F11 T} key_f12 kf12 F2 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F12 T} key_f13 kf13 F3 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F13 T} key_f14 kf14 F4 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F14 T} key_f15 kf15 F5 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F15 T} key_f16 kf16 F6 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F16 T} key_f17 kf17 F7 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F17 T} key_f18 kf18 F8 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F18 T} key_f19 kf19 F9 T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F19 T} key_f20 kf20 FA T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F20 T} key_f21 kf21 FB T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F21 T} key_f22 kf22 FC T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F22 T} key_f23 kf23 FD T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F23 T} key_f24 kf24 FE T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F24 T} key_f25 kf25 FF T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F25 T} key_f26 kf26 FG T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F26 T} key_f27 kf27 FH T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F27 T} key_f28 kf28 FI T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F28 T} key_f29 kf29 FJ T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F29 T} key_f30 kf30 FK T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F30 T} key_f31 kf31 FL T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F31 T} key_f32 kf32 FM T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F32 T} key_f33 kf33 FN T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F33 T} key_f34 kf34 FO T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F34 T} key_f35 kf35 FP T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F35 T} key_f36 kf36 FQ T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F36 T} key_f37 kf37 FR T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F37 T} key_f38 kf38 FS T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F38 T} key_f39 kf39 FT T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F39 T} key_f40 kf40 FU T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F40 T} key_f41 kf41 FV T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F41 T} key_f42 kf42 FW T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F42 T} .TE .TS center; Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. key_f43 kf43 FX T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F43 T} key_f44 kf44 FY T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F44 T} key_f45 kf45 FZ T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F45 T} key_f46 kf46 Fa T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F46 T} key_f47 kf47 Fb T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F47 T} key_f48 kf48 Fc T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F48 T} key_f49 kf49 Fd T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F49 T} key_f50 kf50 Fe T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F50 T} key_f51 kf51 Ff T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F51 T} key_f52 kf52 Fg T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F52 T} key_f53 kf53 Fh T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F53 T} key_f54 kf54 Fi T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F54 T} key_f55 kf55 Fj T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F55 T} key_f56 kf56 Fk T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F56 T} key_f57 kf57 Fl T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F57 T} key_f15 kf58 Fm T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F58 T} key_f59 kf59 Fn T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F59 T} key_f60 kf60 Fo T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F60 T} key_f61 kf61 Fp T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F61 T} key_f62 kf62 Fq T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F62 T} key_f63 kf63 Fr T{ .ad l klawisz funkcyjny F63 T} clr_bol el1 cb T{ .ad l wyczyść początek linii T} clear_margins mgc MC T{ .ad l czyść wszystkie miękkie lewe i prawe marginesy T} set_left_margin smgl ML T{ .ad l set left soft margin at current column (not in BSD \fItermcap\fP) T} set_right_margin smgr MR T{ .ad l ustaw prawy miękki margines na bieżącej kolumnie T} label_format fln Lf T{ .ad l format etykiety T} set_clock sclk SC T{ .ad l set clock, #1 hrs #2 mins #3 secs T} display_clock dclk DK T{ .ad l display clock T} remove_clock rmclk RC T{ .ad l remove clock T} create_window cwin CW T{ .ad l definiuj okno #1 od #2,#3 do #4,#5 T} goto_window wingo WG T{ .ad l idź do okna #1 T} odwieś słuchawkę hup HU T{ .ad l hang\-up phone T} dial_phone dial DI T{ .ad l wykręć numer #1 T} quick_dial qdial QD T{ .ad l wykręć numer #1 bez sprawdzania T} tone tone TO T{ .ad l select touch tone dialing T} pulse pulse PU T{ .ad l wybierz wydzwanianie pulsowe T} flash_hook hook fh T{ .ad l zaczep przełącznika rozbłysku (flash switch hook) T} fixed_pause pause PA T{ .ad l pauzuj przez 2\-3 sekundy T} wait_tone wait WA T{ .ad l czekaj na ton dzwonienia (dialtone) T} user0 u0 u0 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #0 T} user1 u1 u1 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #1 T} user2 u2 u2 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #2 T} user3 u3 u3 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #3 T} user4 u4 u4 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #4 T} user5 u5 u5 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #5 T} user6 u6 u6 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #6 T} user7 u7 u7 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #7 T} user8 u8 u8 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #8 T} user9 u9 u9 T{ .ad l łańcuch użytkownika #9 T} orig_pair op op T{ .ad l ustaw domyślną parę na wartość oryginalną T} orig_colors oc oc T{ .ad l ustaw wszystkie pary kolorów na wartości oryginalne T} initialize_color initc Ic T{ .ad l inicjalizuj kolor #1 na (#2,#3,#4) T} initialize_pair initp Ip T{ .ad l inicjalizuj parę #1 kolorów na fg=(#2,#3,#4), bg=(#5,#6,#7) T} set_color_pair scp sp T{ .ad l ustaw bieżącą parę kolorów na #1 T} set_foreground setf Sf T{ .ad l Set foreground color #1 T} set_background setb Sb T{ .ad l Ustaw kolor tła #1 T} change_char_pitch cpi ZA T{ .ad l Change number of characters per inch to #1 T} change_line_pitch lpi ZB T{ .ad l Change number of lines per inch to #1 T} change_res_horz chr ZC T{ .ad l Change horizontal resolution to #1 T} change_res_vert cvr ZD T{ .ad l Change vertical resolution to #1 T} define_char defc ZE T{ .ad l Define a character #1, #2 dots wide, descender #3 T} enter_doublewide_mode swidm ZF T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb podwójnej szerokości T} .TE .TS center; Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. enter_draft_quality sdrfq ZG T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb jakości draft T} enter_italics_mode sitm ZH T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb kursywy T} enter_leftward_mode slm ZI T{ .ad l Start leftward carriage motion T} enter_micro_mode smicm ZJ T{ .ad l rozpocznij tryb micro\-motion (mikro ruchów) T} enter_near_letter_quality snlq ZK T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb NLQ T} enter_normal_quality snrmq ZL T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb normalnej jakości T} enter_shadow_mode sshm ZM T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb shadow\-print (cieniowego\-drukowania) T} enter_subscript_mode ssubm ZN T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb indeksu dolnego T} enter_superscript_mode ssupm ZO T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb indeksu górnego T} enter_upward_mode sum ZP T{ .ad l Start upward carriage motion T} exit_doublewide_mode rwidm ZQ T{ .ad l End double\-wide mode T} exit_italics_mode ritm ZR T{ .ad l End italic mode T} exit_leftward_mode rlm ZS T{ .ad l End left\-motion mode T} exit_micro_mode rmicm ZT T{ .ad l zakończ tryb micro\-motion T} exit_shadow_mode rshm ZU T{ .ad l End shadow\-print mode T} exit_subscript_mode rsubm ZV T{ .ad l End subscript mode T} exit_superscript_mode rsupm ZW T{ .ad l End superscript mode T} exit_upward_mode rum ZX T{ .ad l zakończ odwrócone ruchy znaków T} micro_column_address mhpa ZY T{ .ad l podobne do column_address w trybie micro mode T} micro_down mcud1 ZZ T{ .ad l podobne do cursor_down w trybie micro mode T} micro_left mcub1 Za T{ .ad l podobne do cursor_left w trybie micro mode T} micro_right mcuf1 Zb T{ .ad l podobne do cursor_right w trybie micro mode T} micro_row_address mvpa Zc T{ .ad l Like row_address #1 in micro mode T} micro_up mcuu1 Zd T{ .ad l podobne do cursor_up w trybie micro mode T} order_of_pins porder Ze T{ .ad l dopasuj bity programowe do igieł głowicy drukującej T} parm_down_micro mcud Zf T{ .ad l podobne do parm_down_cursor w trybie micro mode T} parm_left_micro mcub Zg T{ .ad l podobne do parm_left_cursor w trybie micro mode T} parm_right_micro mcuf Zh T{ .ad l podobne do parm_right_cursor w trybie micro mode T} parm_up_micro mcuu Zi T{ .ad l podobne do parm_up_cursor w trybie micro mode T} select_char_set scs Zj T{ .ad l Select character set, #1 T} set_bottom_margin smgb Zk T{ .ad l ustaw dolny margines na bieżącej linii T} set_bottom_margin_parm smgbp Zl T{ .ad l Set bottom margin at line #1 or (if smgtp is not given) #2 lines from bottom T} set_left_margin_parm smglp Zm T{ .ad l Set left (right) margin at column #1 T} set_right_margin_parm smgrp Zn T{ .ad l ustaw prawy margines na kolumnie #1 T} set_top_margin smgt Zo T{ .ad l ustaw górny margines na bieżącej linii T} set_top_margin_parm smgtp Zp T{ .ad l Set top (bottom) margin at row #1 T} start_bit_image sbim Zq T{ .ad l zacznij drukować grafikę bitową T} start_char_set_def scsd Zr T{ .ad l Start character set definition #1, with #2 characters in the set T} stop_bit_image rbim Zs T{ .ad l przestań drukować grafikę bitową T} stop_char_set_def rcsd Zt T{ .ad l End definition of character set #1 T} subscript_characters subcs Zu T{ .ad l List of subscriptable characters T} superscript_characters supcs Zv T{ .ad l List of superscriptable characters T} these_cause_cr docr Zw T{ .ad l drukowanie dowolnego z nich spowoduje CR T} zero_motion zerom Zx T{ .ad l brak przemieszczenia dla kolejnego znaku T} .TE .PP . Następujące właściwości łańcuchowe istnieją w strukturze term SVr4.0, lecz początkowo nie były opisane w podręczniku man. . .PP .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& String Capability Name TI TC Opis _ char_set_names csnm Zy T{ .ad l Produce #1'th item from list of character set names T} key_mouse kmous Km T{ .ad l pojawiło się zdarzenie myszy T} mouse_info minfo Mi T{ .ad l informacja o statusie myszy T} req_mouse_pos reqmp RQ T{ .ad l zażądaj pozycji myszy T} get_mouse getm Gm T{ .ad l Curses should get button events, parameter #1 not documented. T} set_a_foreground setaf AF T{ .ad l Set foreground color to #1, using ANSI escape T} set_a_background setab AB T{ .ad l Set background color to #1, using ANSI escape T} pkey_plab pfxl xl T{ .ad l zaprogramuj klawisz funkcyjny #1 na wpisywanie łańcucha #2 i pokazywanie łańcucha #3. T} device_type devt dv T{ .ad l wskaż obsługę języka/zestawu kodów T} code_set_init csin ci T{ .ad l inicjalizuj sekwencję dla wielokrotnych zestawów kodów T} set0_des_seq s0ds s0 T{ .ad l przesuń do zestawu kodów 0 (zestaw EUC 0, ASCII) T} set1_des_seq s1ds s1 T{ .ad l przesuń do zestawu kodów 1 T} set2_des_seq s2ds s2 T{ .ad l przesuń do zestawu kodów 2 T} set3_des_seq s3ds s3 T{ .ad l przesuń do zestawu kodów 3 T} set_lr_margin smglr ML T{ .ad l Set both left and right margins to #1, #2. (ML is not in BSD termcap). T} set_tb_margin smgtb MT T{ .ad l ustawia górny i dolny margines na #1, #2 T} bit_image_repeat birep Xy T{ .ad l powtórz komórkę #1 obrazu bitowego #2 razy T} bit_image_newline binel Zz T{ .ad l przemieść się do następnego wiersza obrazu bitowego T} bit_image_carriage_return bicr Yv T{ .ad l przemieść się na początek wiersza T} color_names colornm Yw T{ .ad l podaj nazwę dla koloru #1 T} define_bit_image_region defbi Yx T{ .ad l definiuj prostokątny region obrazu bitowego T} end_bit_image_region endbi Yy T{ .ad l zakończ region obrazu bitowego T} set_color_band setcolor Yz T{ .ad l Change to ribbon color #1 T} set_page_length slines YZ T{ .ad l ustaw rozmiar strony na #1 linii T} display_pc_char dispc S1 T{ .ad l Display PC character #1 T} enter_pc_charset_mode smpch S2 T{ .ad l Enter PC character display mode T} exit_pc_charset_mode rmpch S3 T{ .ad l zakończ tryb wyświetlania znaków PC T} enter_scancode_mode smsc S4 T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb scancode PC T} exit_scancode_mode rmsc S5 T{ .ad l zakończ tryb scancode PC T} pc_term_options pctrm S6 T{ .ad l opcje terminala PC T} scancode_escape scesc S7 T{ .ad l escape dla emulacji scancode T} alt_scancode_esc scesa S8 T{ .ad l alternatywny escape dla emulacji scancode T} .TE .PP . The XSI Curses standard added these hardcopy capabilities. They were used in some post\-4.1 versions of System V curses, e.g., Solaris 2.5 and IRIX 6.x. Except for \fBYI\fP, the \fBncurses\fP termcap names for them are invented. According to the XSI Curses standard, they have no termcap names. If your compiled terminfo entries use these, they may not be binary\-compatible with System V terminfo entries after SVr4.1; beware! . .PP .TS center; Lb Cb S Lb Lb Lb Lb Lb Lbw(25n)2 Lbw(8n)2 Lb2 Lx. \& Kod \& String Capability Name TI TC Opis _ enter_horizontal_hl_mode ehhlm Xh T{ .ad l Enter horizontal highlight mode T} enter_left_hl_mode elhlm Xl T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb lewego podświetlenia T} enter_low_hl_mode elohlm Xo T{ .ad l Enter low highlight mode T} enter_right_hl_mode erhlm Xr T{ .ad l wejdź w tryb prawego podświetlenia T} enter_top_hl_mode ethlm Xt T{ .ad l Enter top highlight mode T} enter_vertical_hl_mode evhlm Xv T{ .ad l Enter vertical highlight mode T} set_a_attributes sgr1 sA T{ .ad l zdefiniuj drugi zestaw atrybutów wideo #1\-#6 T} set_pglen_inch slength YI T{ .ad l Set page length to #1 hundredth of an inch (some implementations use sL for termcap). T} .TE .\"*************************************************************************** .\" Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey * .\" Copyright 1998-2016,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. * .\" * .\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a * .\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the * .\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including * .\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, * .\" distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell * .\" copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * .\" furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * .\" * .\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included * .\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * .\" * .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS * .\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF * .\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. * .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, * .\" DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR * .\" OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR * .\" THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * .\" * .\" Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright * .\" holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the * .\" sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written * .\" authorization. * .\"*************************************************************************** .\" .\" $Id: terminfo.tail,v 1.148 2024/04/20 21:24:19 tom Exp $ .ps +1 .SS "User\-Defined Capabilities" . The preceding section listed the \fIpredefined\fP capabilities. They deal with some special features for terminals no longer (or possibly never) produced. Occasionally there are special features of newer terminals which are awkward or impossible to represent by reusing the predefined capabilities. .PP \fI\%ncurses\fP addresses this limitation by allowing user\-defined capabilities. The \fBtic\fP and \fBinfocmp\fP programs provide the \fB\-x\fP option for this purpose. When \fB\-x\fP is set, \fBtic\fP treats unknown capabilities as user\-defined. That is, if \fBtic\fP encounters a capability name which it does not recognize, it infers its type (Boolean, number or string) from the syntax and makes an extended table entry for that capability. The \fBuse_extended_names\fP(3X) function makes this information conditionally available to applications. The \fI\%ncurses\fP library provides the data leaving most of the behavior to applications: .bP User\-defined capability strings whose name begins with \*(``k\*('' are treated as function keys. .bP The types (Boolean, number, string) determined by \fBtic\fP can be inferred by successful calls on \fBtigetflag\fP, etc. .bP If the capability name happens to be two characters, the capability is also available through the termcap interface. .PP While termcap is said to be extensible because it does not use a predefined set of capabilities, in practice it has been limited to the capabilities defined by terminfo implementations. As a rule, user\-defined capabilities intended for use by termcap applications should be limited to Booleans and numbers to avoid running past the 1023 byte limit assumed by termcap implementations and their applications. In particular, providing extended sets of function keys (past the 60 numbered keys and the handful of special named keys) is best done using the longer names available using terminfo. .PP The \fI\%ncurses\fP library uses a few of these user\-defined capabilities, as described in \fBuser_caps\fP(5). Other user\-defined capabilities (including function keys) are described in the terminal database, in the section on \fINCURSES USER\-DEFINABLE CAPABILITIES\fP . .SS "Przykładowy wpis" . The following entry, describing an ANSI\-standard terminal, is representative of what a \fBterminfo\fP entry for a modern terminal typically looks like. .PP .EX \s-2ansi|ansi/pc\-term compatible with color, am, mc5i, mir, msgr, colors#8, cols#80, it#8, lines#24, ncv#3, pairs#64, acsc=+\e020\e,\e021\-\e030.\*^Y0\e333\(ga\e004a\e261f\e370g\e361h\e260 j\e331k\e277l\e332m\e300n\e305o\*~p\e304q\e304r\e304s_t\e303 u\e264v\e301w\e302x\e263y\e363z\e362{\e343|\e330}\e234\*~\e376, bel=\*^G, blink=\eE[5m, bold=\eE[1m, cbt=\eE[Z, clear=\eE[H\eE[J, cr=\*^M, cub=\eE[%p1%dD, cub1=\eE[D, cud=\eE[%p1%dB, cud1=\eE[B, cuf=\eE[%p1%dC, cuf1=\eE[C, cup=\eE[%i%p1%d;%p2%dH, cuu=\eE[%p1%dA, cuu1=\eE[A, dch=\eE[%p1%dP, dch1=\eE[P, dl=\eE[%p1%dM, dl1=\eE[M, ech=\eE[%p1%dX, ed=\eE[J, el=\eE[K, el1=\eE[1K, home=\eE[H, hpa=\eE[%i%p1%dG, ht=\eE[I, hts=\eEH, ich=\eE[%p1%d@, il=\eE[%p1%dL, il1=\eE[L, ind=\*^J, indn=\eE[%p1%dS, invis=\eE[8m, kbs=\*^H, kcbt=\eE[Z, kcub1=\eE[D, kcud1=\eE[B, kcuf1=\eE[C, kcuu1=\eE[A, khome=\eE[H, kich1=\eE[L, mc4=\eE[4i, mc5=\eE[5i, nel=\er\eE[S, op=\eE[39;49m, rep=%p1%c\eE[%p2%{1}%\-%db, rev=\eE[7m, rin=\eE[%p1%dT, rmacs=\eE[10m, rmpch=\eE[10m, rmso=\eE[m, rmul=\eE[m, s0ds=\eE(B, s1ds=\eE)B, s2ds=\eE*B, s3ds=\eE+B, setab=\eE[4%p1%dm, setaf=\eE[3%p1%dm, sgr=\eE[0;10%?%p1%t;7%; %?%p2%t;4%; %?%p3%t;7%; %?%p4%t;5%; %?%p6%t;1%; %?%p7%t;8%; %?%p9%t;11%;m, sgr0=\eE[0;10m, smacs=\eE[11m, smpch=\eE[11m, smso=\eE[7m, smul=\eE[4m, tbc=\eE[3g, u6=\eE[%i%d;%dR, u7=\eE[6n, u8=\eE[?%[;0123456789]c, u9=\eE[c, vpa=\eE[%i%p1%dd, .EE .PP Entries may continue onto multiple lines by placing white space at the beginning of each line except the first. Comments may be included on lines beginning with \*(``#\*(''. Capabilities in \fIterminfo\fP are of three types: .bP Boolean capabilities which indicate that the terminal has some particular feature, .bP numeric capabilities giving the size of the terminal or the size of particular delays, and .bP string capabilities, which give a sequence which can be used to perform particular terminal operations. .SS "Types of Capabilities" All capabilities have names. For instance, the fact that ANSI\-standard terminals have \fIautomatic margins\fP (i.e., an automatic return and line\-feed when the end of a line is reached) is indicated by the capability \fBam\fP. Hence the description of ansi includes \fBam\fP. Numeric capabilities are followed by the character \*(``#\*('' and then a positive value. Thus \fBcols\fP, which indicates the number of columns the terminal has, gives the value \*(``80\*('' for ansi. Values for numeric capabilities may be specified in decimal, octal, or hexadecimal, using the C programming language conventions (e.g., 255, 0377 and 0xff or 0xFF). .PP Finally, string valued capabilities, such as \fBel\fP (clear to end of line sequence) are given by the two\-character code, an \*(``=\*('', and then a string ending at the next following \*(``,\*(''. .PP A number of escape sequences are provided in the string valued capabilities for easy encoding of characters there: .bP Both \fB\eE\fP and \fB\ee\fP map to an \s-1ESCAPE\s0 character, .bP \fB\*^\fP\f(BIx\fR maps to a control\-\fIx\fP for any appropriate \fIx\fP, and .bP the sequences .RS 6 .PP \fB\en\fP, \fB\el\fP, \fB\er\fP, \fB\et\fP, \fB\eb\fP, \fB\ef\fP i \fB\es\fP .RE .IP produce .RS 6 .PP \fInewline\fP, \fIline\-feed\fP, \fIreturn\fP, \fItab\fP, \fIbackspace\fP, \fIform\-feed\fP, and \fIspace\fP, .RE .IP respectively. .PP X/Open Curses does not say what \*(``appropriate \fIx\fP\*('' might be. In practice, that is a printable ASCII graphic character. The special case \*(``\*^?\*('' is interpreted as DEL (127). In all other cases, the character value is AND'd with 0x1f, mapping to ASCII control codes in the range 0 through 31. .PP Other escapes include .bP \fB\e\*^\fP dla \fB\*^\fP, .bP \fB\e\e\fP dla \fB\e\fP, .bP \fB\e\fP, for comma, .bP \fB\e:\fP dla \fB:\fP, .bP and \fB\e0\fP for null. .IP \fB\e0\fP will produce \e200, which does not terminate a string but behaves as a null character on most terminals, providing CS7 is specified. See \fBstty\fP(1). .IP The reason for this quirk is to maintain binary compatibility of the compiled terminfo files with other implementations, e.g., the SVr4 systems, which document this. Compiled terminfo files use null\-terminated strings, with no lengths. Modifying this would require a new binary format, which would not work with other implementations. .PP Finally, characters may be given as three octal digits after a \fB\e\fP. .PP A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere in a string capability, enclosed in $<..> brackets, as in \fBel\fP=\eEK$<5>, and padding characters are supplied by \fBtputs\fP(3X) to provide this delay. .bP The delay must be a number with at most one decimal place of precision; it may be followed by suffixes \*(``*\*('' or \*(``/\*('' or both. .bP A \*(``*\*('' indicates that the padding required is proportional to the number of lines affected by the operation, and the amount given is the per\-affected\-unit padding required. (In the case of insert character, the factor is still the number of \fIlines\fP affected.) .IP Normally, padding is advisory if the device has the \fBxon\fP capability; it is used for cost computation but does not trigger delays. .bP A \*(``/\*('' suffix indicates that the padding is mandatory and forces a delay of the given number of milliseconds even on devices for which \fBxon\fP is present to indicate flow control. .PP Sometimes individual capabilities must be commented out. To do this, put a period before the capability name. For example, see the second \fBind\fP in the example above. .br .ne 5 .SS "Pobieranie skompilowanych opisów" Terminal descriptions in \fI\%ncurses\fP are stored in terminal databases. These databases, which are found by their pathname, may be configured either as directory trees or hashed databases (see \fBterm\fP(5)), .PP The library uses a compiled\-in list of pathnames, which can be overridden by environment variables. Before starting to search, \fI\%ncurses\fP checks the search list, eliminating duplicates and pathnames where no terminal database is found. The \fI\%ncurses\fP library reads the first description which passes its consistency checks. .bP The environment variable \fBTERMINFO\fP is checked first, for a terminal database containing the terminal description. .bP Next, \fI\%ncurses\fP looks in \fI$HOME/.terminfo\fP for a compiled description. .IP This is an optional feature which may be omitted entirely from the library, or limited to prevent accidental use by privileged applications. .bP Next, if the environment variable \fI\%TERMINFO_DIRS\fP is set, \fI\%ncurses\fP interprets the contents of that variable as a list of colon\-separated pathnames of terminal databases to be searched. .IP An empty pathname (i.e., if the variable begins or ends with a colon, or contains adjacent colons) is interpreted as the system location \fI\*d\fP. .bP Finally, \fI\%ncurses\fP searches these compiled\-in locations: .RS .bP a list of directories (/usr/share/terminfo), and .bP the system terminfo directory, \fI\*d\fP .RE .PP The \fBTERMINFO\fP variable can contain a terminal description instead of the pathname of a terminal database. If this variable begins with \*(``hex:\*('' or \*(``b64:\*('' then \fI\%ncurses\fP reads a terminal description from hexadecimal\- or base64\-encoded data, and if that description matches the name sought, will use that. This encoded data can be set using the \*(``\-Q\*('' option of \fBtic\fP or \fBinfocmp\fP. .PP The preceding addresses the usual configuration of \fI\%ncurses\fP, which uses terminal descriptions prepared in \fIterminfo\fP format. While \fItermcap\fP is less expressive, \fI\%ncurses\fP can also be configured to read \fItermcap\fP descriptions. In that configuration, it checks the \fI\%TERMCAP\fP and \fI\%TERMPATH\fP variables (for content and search path, respectively) after the system terminal database. .SS "Przygotowywanie opisów" We now outline how to prepare descriptions of terminals. The most effective way to prepare a terminal description is by imitating the description of a similar terminal in \fIterminfo\fP and to build up a description gradually, using partial descriptions with \fIvi\fP or some other screen\-oriented program to check that they are correct. Be aware that a very unusual terminal may expose deficiencies in the ability of the \fIterminfo\fP file to describe it or bugs in the screen\-handling code of the test program. .PP To get the padding for insert line right (if the terminal manufacturer did not document it) a severe test is to edit a large file at 9600 baud, delete 16 or so lines from the middle of the screen, then hit the \*(``u\*('' key several times quickly. If the terminal messes up, more padding is usually needed. A similar test can be used for insert character. .SS "Basic Capabilities" The number of columns on each line for the terminal is given by the \fBcols\fP numeric capability. If the terminal is a \s-1CRT\s0, then the number of lines on the screen is given by the \fBlines\fP capability. If the terminal wraps around to the beginning of the next line when it reaches the right margin, then it should have the \fBam\fP capability. If the terminal can clear its screen, leaving the cursor in the home position, then this is given by the \fBclear\fP string capability. If the terminal overstrikes (rather than clearing a position when a character is struck over) then it should have the \fBos\fP capability. If the terminal is a printing terminal, with no soft copy unit, give it both \fBhc\fP and \fBos\fP. (\fBos\fP applies to storage scope terminals, such as \s-1TEKTRONIX\s+1 4010 series, as well as hard copy and APL terminals.) If there is a code to move the cursor to the left edge of the current row, give this as \fBcr\fP. (Normally this will be carriage return, control/M.) If there is a code to produce an audible signal (bell, beep, etc) give this as \fBbel\fP. .PP If there is a code to move the cursor one position to the left (such as backspace) that capability should be given as \fBcub1\fP. Similarly, codes to move to the right, up, and down should be given as \fBcuf1\fP, \fBcuu1\fP, and \fBcud1\fP. These local cursor motions should not alter the text they pass over, for example, you would not normally use \*(``\fBcuf1\fP=\ \*('' because the space would erase the character moved over. .PP A very important point here is that the local cursor motions encoded in \fIterminfo\fP are undefined at the left and top edges of a \s-1CRT\s0 terminal. Programs should never attempt to backspace around the left edge, unless \fBbw\fP is given, and never attempt to go up locally off the top. In order to scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom left corner of the screen and send the \fBind\fP (index) string. .PP To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner of the screen and sends the \fBri\fP (reverse index) string. The strings \fBind\fP and \fBri\fP are undefined when not on their respective corners of the screen. .PP Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are \fBindn\fP and \fBrin\fP which have the same semantics as \fBind\fP and \fBri\fP except that they take one parameter, and scroll that many lines. They are also undefined except at the appropriate edge of the screen. .PP The \fBam\fP capability tells whether the cursor sticks at the right edge of the screen when text is output, but this does not necessarily apply to a \fBcuf1\fP from the last column. The only local motion which is defined from the left edge is if \fBbw\fP is given, then a \fBcub1\fP from the left edge will move to the right edge of the previous row. If \fBbw\fP is not given, the effect is undefined. This is useful for drawing a box around the edge of the screen, for example. If the terminal has switch selectable automatic margins, the \fIterminfo\fP file usually assumes that this is on; i.e., \fBam\fP. If the terminal has a command which moves to the first column of the next line, that command can be given as \fBnel\fP (newline). It does not matter if the command clears the remainder of the current line, so if the terminal has no \fBcr\fP and \fBlf\fP it may still be possible to craft a working \fBnel\fP out of one or both of them. .PP These capabilities suffice to describe hard\-copy and \*(``glass\-tty\*('' terminals. Thus the model 33 teletype is described as .PP .EX .\".in -2 .\".in +2 \s-133\||\|tty33\||\|tty\||\|model 33 teletype, bel=\*^G, cols#72, cr=\*^M, cud1=\*^J, hc, ind=\*^J, os,\s+1 .EE .PP while the Lear Siegler \s-1ADM\-3\s0 is described as .PP .EX .\".in -2 .\".in +2 \s-1adm3\||\|3\||\|lsi adm3, am, bel=\*^G, clear=\*^Z, cols#80, cr=\*^M, cub1=\*^H, cud1=\*^J, ind=\*^J, lines#24,\s+1 .EE .SS "Łańcuchy parametryzowane" Cursor addressing and other strings requiring parameters in the terminal are described by a parameterized string capability, with \fIprintf\fP\-like escapes such as \fI%x\fP in it. For example, to address the cursor, the \fBcup\fP capability is given, using two parameters: the row and column to address to. (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen memory.) If the terminal has memory relative cursor addressing, that can be indicated by \fBmrcup\fP. .PP The parameter mechanism uses a stack and special \fB%\fP codes to manipulate it. Typically a sequence will push one of the parameters onto the stack and then print it in some format. Print (e.g., \*(``%d\*('') is a special case. Other operations, including \*(``%t\*('' pop their operand from the stack. It is noted that more complex operations are often necessary, e.g., in the \fBsgr\fP string. .PP Kodowania \fB%\fP mają następujące znaczenia: .TP 5 \fB%%\fP outputs \*(``%\*('' .TP \fB%\fP\fI[[\fP:\fI]flags][width[.precision]][\fP\fBdoxXs\fP\fI]\fP as in \fBprintf\fP(3), flags are \fI[\-+#]\fP and \fIspace\fP. Use a \*(``:\*('' to allow the next character to be a \*(``\-\*('' flag, avoiding interpreting \*(``%\-\*('' as an operator. .TP \fB%c\fP print \fIpop()\fP like %c in \fBprintf\fP .TP \fB%s\fP print \fIpop()\fP like %s in \fBprintf\fP .TP \fB%p\fP\fI[1\-9]\fP push \fIi\fP'th parameter .TP \fB%P\fP\fI[a\-z]\fP set dynamic variable \fI[a\-z]\fP to \fIpop()\fP .TP \fB%g\fP\fI[a\-z]\fP get dynamic variable \fI[a\-z]\fP and push it .TP \fB%P\fP\fI[A\-Z]\fP set static variable \fI[a\-z]\fP to \fIpop()\fP .TP \fB%g\fP\fI[A\-Z]\fP get static variable \fI[a\-z]\fP and push it .IP The terms \*(``static\*('' and \*(``dynamic\*('' are misleading. Historically, these are simply two different sets of variables, whose values are not reset between calls to \fBtparm\fP(3X). However, that fact is not documented in other implementations. Relying on it will adversely impact portability to other implementations: .RS .bP SVr2 curses supported \fIdynamic\fP variables. Those are set only by a \fB%P\fP operator. A \fB%g\fP for a given variable without first setting it with \fB%P\fP will give unpredictable results, because dynamic variables are an uninitialized local array on the stack in the \fBtparm\fP function. .bP SVr3.2 curses supported \fIstatic\fP variables. Those are an array in the \fI\%TERMINAL\fP structure (declared in \fBterm.h\fP), and are zeroed automatically when the \fBsetupterm\fP function allocates the data. .bP SVr4 curses made no further improvements to the \fIdynamic/static\fP variable feature. .bP Solaris XPG4 curses does not distinguish between \fIdynamic\fP and \fIstatic\fP variables. They are the same. Like SVr4 curses, XPG4 curses does not initialize these explicitly. .bP Before version 6.3, \fI\%ncurses\fP stores both \fIdynamic\fP and \fIstatic\fP variables in persistent storage, initialized to zeros. .bP Beginning with version 6.3, \fI\%ncurses\fP stores \fIstatic\fP and \fIdynamic\fP variables in the same manner as SVr4. .RS .bP Unlike other implementations, \fI\%ncurses\fP zeros dynamic variables before the first \fB%g\fP or \fB%P\fP operator. .bP Like SVr2, the scope of dynamic variables in \fI\%ncurses\fP is within the current call to \fBtparm\fP. Use static variables if persistent storage is needed. .RE .RE .TP \fB%\*'\fP\fIc\fP\fB\*'\fP char constant \fIc\fP .TP \fB%{\fP\fInn\fP\fB}\fP integer constant \fInn\fP .TP \fB%l\fP push strlen(pop) .TP \fB%+\fP, \fB%\-\fP, \fB%*\fP, \fB%/\fP, \fB%m\fP arithmetic (%m is \fImod\fP): \fIpush(pop() op pop())\fP .TP \fB%&\fP, \fB%|\fP, \fB%\*^\fP bit operations (AND, OR and exclusive\-OR): \fIpush(pop() op pop())\fP .TP \fB%=\fP, \fB%>\fP, \fB%<\fP logical operations: \fIpush(pop() op pop())\fP .TP \fB%A\fP, \fB%O\fP logical AND and OR operations (for conditionals) .TP \fB%!\fP, \fB%\*~\fP unary operations (logical and bit complement): \fIpush(op pop())\fP .TP \fB%i\fP add 1 to first two parameters (for ANSI terminals) .TP \fB%?\fP \fIexpr\fP \fB%t\fP \fIthenpart\fP \fB%e\fP \fIelsepart\fP \fB%;\fP This forms an if\-then\-else. The \fB%e\fP \fIelsepart\fP is optional. Usually the \fB%?\fP \fIexpr\fP part pushes a value onto the stack, and \fB%t\fP pops it from the stack, testing if it is nonzero (true). If it is zero (false), control passes to the \fB%e\fP (else) part. .IP It is possible to form else\-if's a la Algol 68: .RS \fB%?\fP c\d1\u \fB%t\fP b\d1\u \fB%e\fP c\d2\u \fB%t\fP b\d2\u \fB%e\fP c\d3\u \fB%t\fP b\d3\u \fB%e\fP c\d4\u \fB%t\fP b\d4\u \fB%e\fP \fB%;\fP .RE .IP where c\di\u are conditions, b\di\u are bodies. .IP Use the \fB\-f\fP option of \fBtic\fP or \fBinfocmp\fP to see the structure of if\-then\-else's. Some strings, e.g., \fBsgr\fP can be very complicated when written on one line. The \fB\-f\fP option splits the string into lines with the parts indented. .PP Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in the usual order. That is, to get x\-5 one would use \*(``%gx%{5}%\-\*(''. \fB%P\fP and \fB%g\fP variables are persistent across escape\-string evaluations. .PP Consider the HP2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12, needs to be sent \eE&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds. The order of the rows and columns is inverted here, and the row and column are printed as two digits. The corresponding terminal description is expressed thus: .RS cup=\eE&a%p2%dc%p1%dY$<6>, .RE .PP The Microterm \s-1ACT\-IV\s0 needs the current row and column sent preceded by a \fB\*^T\fP, with the row and column simply encoded in binary, .RS cup=\*^T%p1%c%p2%c .RE .PP Terminals which use \*(``%c\*('' need to be able to backspace the cursor (\fBcub1\fP), and to move the cursor up one line on the screen (\fBcuu1\fP). This is necessary because it is not always safe to transmit \fB\en\fP \fB\*^D\fP and \fB\er\fP, as the system may change or discard them. (The library routines dealing with terminfo set tty modes so that tabs are never expanded, so \et is safe to send. This turns out to be essential for the Ann Arbor 4080.) .PP A final example is the \s-1LSI ADM\s0\-3a, which uses row and column offset by a blank character, thus .RS cup=\eE=%p1%\*' \*'%+%c%p2%\*' \*'%+%c .RE .PP After sending \*(``\eE=\*('', this pushes the first parameter, pushes the ASCII value for a space (32), adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in place of the two previous values) and outputs that value as a character. Then the same is done for the second parameter. More complex arithmetic is possible using the stack. .SS "Ruchy kursora" If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very upper left corner of screen) then this can be given as \fBhome\fP; similarly a fast way of getting to the lower left\-hand corner can be given as \fBll\fP; this may involve going up with \fBcuu1\fP from the home position, but a program should never do this itself (unless \fBll\fP does) because it can make no assumption about the effect of moving up from the home position. Note that the home position is the same as addressing to (0,0): to the top left corner of the screen, not of memory. (Thus, the \eEH sequence on HP terminals cannot be used for \fBhome\fP.) .PP If the terminal has row or column absolute cursor addressing, these can be given as single parameter capabilities \fBhpa\fP (horizontal position absolute) and \fBvpa\fP (vertical position absolute). Sometimes these are shorter than the more general two parameter sequence (as with the hp2645) and can be used in preference to \fBcup\fP. If there are parameterized local motions (e.g., move \fIn\fP spaces to the right) these can be given as \fBcud\fP, \fBcub\fP, \fBcuf\fP, and \fBcuu\fP with a single parameter indicating how many spaces to move. These are primarily useful if the terminal does not have \fBcup\fP, such as the \s-1TEKTRONIX\s+1 4025. .PP If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running a program that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter and exit this mode can be given as \fBsmcup\fP and \fBrmcup\fP. This arises, for example, from terminals like the Concept with more than one page of memory. If the terminal has only memory relative cursor addressing and not screen relative cursor addressing, a one screen\-sized window must be fixed into the terminal for cursor addressing to work properly. This is also used for the \s-1TEKTRONIX\s+1 4025, where \fBsmcup\fP sets the command character to be the one used by terminfo. If the \fBsmcup\fP sequence will not restore the screen after an \fBrmcup\fP sequence is output (to the state prior to outputting \fBrmcup\fP), specify \fBnrrmc\fP. .SS Margins SVr4 (and X/Open Curses) list several string capabilities for setting margins. Two were intended for use with terminals, and another six were intended for use with printers. .bP The two terminal capabilities assume that the terminal may have the capability of setting the left and/or right margin at the current cursor column position. .bP The printer capabilities assume that the printer may have two types of capability: .RS .bP the ability to set a top and/or bottom margin using the current line position, and .bP parameterized capabilities for setting the top, bottom, left, right margins given the number of rows or columns. .RE .PP In practice, the categorization into \*(``terminal\*('' and \*(``printer\*('' is not suitable: .bP The AT&T SVr4 terminal database uses \fBsmgl\fP four times, for AT&T hardware. .IP Three of the four are printers. They lack the ability to set left/right margins by specifying the column. .bP Other (non\-AT&T) terminals may support margins but using different assumptions from AT&T. .IP For instance, the DEC VT420 supports left/right margins, but only using a column parameter. As an added complication, the VT420 uses two settings to fully enable left/right margins (left/right margin mode, and origin mode). The former enables the margins, which causes printed text to wrap within margins, but the latter is needed to prevent cursor\-addressing outside those margins. .bP Both DEC VT420 left/right margins are set with a single control sequence. If either is omitted, the corresponding margin is set to the left or right edge of the display (rather than leaving the margin unmodified). .PP These are the margin\-related capabilities: .PP .TS center; lb lb lb l . Nazwa Opis _ smgl Set left margin at current column smgr Set right margin at current column smgb ustaw dolny margines na bieżącej linii smgt ustaw górny margines na bieżącej linii smgbp Set bottom margin at line \fIN\fP smglp Set left margin at column \fIN\fP smgrp Set right margin at column \fIN\fP smgtp Set top margin at line \fIN\fP smglr Set both left and right margins to \fIL\fP and \fIR\fP smgtb Set both top and bottom margins to \fIT\fP and \fIB\fP .TE .PP When writing an application that uses these string capabilities, the pairs should be first checked to see if each capability in the pair is set or only one is set: .bP If both \fBsmglp\fP and \fBsmgrp\fP are set, each is used with a single argument, \fIN\fP, that gives the column number of the left and right margin, respectively. .bP If both \fBsmgtp\fP and \fBsmgbp\fP are set, each is used to set the top and bottom margin, respectively: .RS 4 .bP \fBsmgtp\fP is used with a single argument, \fIN\fP, the line number of the top margin. .bP \fBsmgbp\fP is used with two arguments, \fIN\fP and \fIM\fP, that give the line number of the bottom margin, the first counting from the top of the page and the second counting from the bottom. This accommodates the two styles of specifying the bottom margin in different manufacturers' printers. .RE .IP When designing a terminfo entry for a printer that has a settable bottom margin, only the first or second argument should be used, depending on the printer. When developing an application that uses \fBsmgbp\fP to set the bottom margin, both arguments must be given. .PP Conversely, when only one capability in the pair is set: .bP If only one of \fBsmglp\fP and \fBsmgrp\fP is set, then it is used with two arguments, the column number of the left and right margins, in that order. .bP Likewise, if only one of \fBsmgtp\fP and \fBsmgbp\fP is set, then it is used with two arguments that give the top and bottom margins, in that order, counting from the top of the page. .IP When designing a terminfo entry for a printer that requires setting both left and right or top and bottom margins simultaneously, only one capability in the pairs \fBsmglp\fP and \fBsmgrp\fP or \fBsmgtp\fP and \fBsmgbp\fP should be defined, leaving the other unset. .PP Except for very old terminal descriptions, e.g., those developed for SVr4, the scheme just described should be considered obsolete. An improved set of capabilities was added late in the SVr4 releases (\fBsmglr\fP and \fBsmgtb\fP), which explicitly use two parameters for setting the left/right or top/bottom margins. .PP When setting margins, the line\- and column\-values are zero\-based. .PP .\" The \fBmgc\fP string capability should be defined. Applications such as \fBtabs\fP(1) rely upon this to reset all margins. .SS "Area Clears" .\" If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the line, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as \fBel\fP. If the terminal can clear from the beginning of the line to the current position inclusive, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as \fBel1\fP. If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the display, then this should be given as \fBed\fP. \fBEd\fP is only defined from the first column of a line. (Thus, it can be simulated by a request to delete a large number of lines, if a true \fBed\fP is not available.) .SS "Wstawianie/kasowanie linii i ruchy pionowe" If the terminal can open a new blank line before the line where the cursor is, this should be given as \fBil1\fP; this is done only from the first position of a line. The cursor must then appear on the newly blank line. If the terminal can delete the line which the cursor is on, then this should be given as \fBdl1\fP; this is done only from the first position on the line to be deleted. Versions of \fBil1\fP and \fBdl1\fP which take a single parameter and insert or delete that many lines can be given as \fBil\fP and \fBdl\fP. .PP If the terminal has a settable scrolling region (like the vt100) the command to set this can be described with the \fBcsr\fP capability, which takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines of the scrolling region. The cursor position is, alas, undefined after using this command. .PP It is possible to get the effect of insert or delete line using \fBcsr\fP on a properly chosen region; the \fBsc\fP and \fBrc\fP (save and restore cursor) commands may be useful for ensuring that your synthesized insert/delete string does not move the cursor. (Note that the \fB\%ncurses\fP(3X) library does this synthesis automatically, so you need not compose insert/delete strings for an entry with \fBcsr\fP). .PP Yet another way to construct insert and delete might be to use a combination of index with the memory\-lock feature found on some terminals (like the HP\-700/90 series, which however also has insert/delete). .PP Inserting lines at the top or bottom of the screen can also be done using \fBri\fP or \fBind\fP on many terminals without a true insert/delete line, and is often faster even on terminals with those features. .PP The Boolean \fBnon_dest_scroll_region\fP should be set if each scrolling window is effectively a view port on a screen\-sized canvas. To test for this capability, create a scrolling region in the middle of the screen, write something to the bottom line, move the cursor to the top of the region, and do \fBri\fP followed by \fBdl1\fP or \fBind\fP. If the data scrolled off the bottom of the region by the \fBri\fP re\-appears, then scrolling is non\-destructive. System V and X/Open Curses expect that \fBind\fP, \fBri\fP, \fBindn\fP, and \fBrin\fP will simulate destructive scrolling; their documentation cautions you not to define \fBcsr\fP unless this is true. This \fBcurses\fP implementation is more liberal and will do explicit erases after scrolling if \fBndsrc\fP is defined. .PP If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part of memory, which all commands affect, it should be given as the parameterized string \fBwind\fP. The four parameters are the starting and ending lines in memory and the starting and ending columns in memory, in that order. .PP If the terminal can retain display memory above, then the \fBda\fP capability should be given; if display memory can be retained below, then \fBdb\fP should be given. These indicate that deleting a line or scrolling may bring non\-blank lines up from below or that scrolling back with \fBri\fP may bring down non\-blank lines. .SS "Wstawianie/kasowanie znaku" There are two basic kinds of intelligent terminals with respect to insert/delete character which can be described using \fIterminfo\fP. The most common insert/delete character operations affect only the characters on the current line and shift characters off the end of the line rigidly. Other terminals, such as the Concept 100 and the Perkin Elmer Owl, make a distinction between typed and untyped blanks on the screen, shifting upon an insert or delete only to an untyped blank on the screen which is either eliminated, or expanded to two untyped blanks. .PP You can determine the kind of terminal you have by clearing the screen and then typing text separated by cursor motions. Type \*(``abc\ \ \ \ def\*('' using local cursor motions (not spaces) between the \*(``abc\*('' and the \*(``def\*(''. Then position the cursor before the \*(``abc\*('' and put the terminal in insert mode. If typing characters causes the rest of the line to shift rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your terminal does not distinguish between blanks and untyped positions. If the \*(``abc\*('' shifts over to the \*(``def\*('' which then move together around the end of the current line and onto the next as you insert, you have the second type of terminal, and should give the capability \fBin\fP, which stands for \*(``insert null\*(''. .PP While these are two logically separate attributes (one line versus multi\-line insert mode, and special treatment of untyped spaces) we have seen no terminals whose insert mode cannot be described with the single attribute. .PP Terminfo can describe both terminals which have an insert mode, and terminals which send a simple sequence to open a blank position on the current line. Give as \fBsmir\fP the sequence to get into insert mode. Give as \fBrmir\fP the sequence to leave insert mode. Now give as \fBich1\fP any sequence needed to be sent just before sending the character to be inserted. Most terminals with a true insert mode will not give \fBich1\fP; terminals which send a sequence to open a screen position should give it here. .PP If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually preferable to \fBich1\fP. Technically, you should not give both unless the terminal actually requires both to be used in combination. Accordingly, some non\-curses applications get confused if both are present; the symptom is doubled characters in an update using insert. This requirement is now rare; most \fBich\fP sequences do not require previous smir, and most smir insert modes do not require \fBich1\fP before each character. Therefore, the new \fBcurses\fP actually assumes this is the case and uses either \fBrmir\fP/\fBsmir\fP or \fBich\fP/\fBich1\fP as appropriate (but not both). If you have to write an entry to be used under new curses for a terminal old enough to need both, include the \fBrmir\fP/\fBsmir\fP sequences in \fBich1\fP. .PP If post insert padding is needed, give this as a number of milliseconds in \fBip\fP (a string option). Any other sequence which may need to be sent after an insert of a single character may also be given in \fBip\fP. If your terminal needs both to be placed into an \*(``insert mode\*('' and a special code to precede each inserted character, then both \fBsmir\fP/\fBrmir\fP and \fBich1\fP can be given, and both will be used. The \fBich\fP capability, with one parameter, \fIn\fP, will repeat the effects of \fBich1\fP \fIn\fP times. .PP If padding is necessary between characters typed while not in insert mode, give this as a number of milliseconds padding in \fBrmp\fP. .PP It is occasionally necessary to move around while in insert mode to delete characters on the same line (e.g., if there is a tab after the insertion position). If your terminal allows motion while in insert mode you can give the capability \fBmir\fP to speed up inserting in this case. Omitting \fBmir\fP will affect only speed. Some terminals (notably Datamedia's) must not have \fBmir\fP because of the way their insert mode works. .PP Finally, you can specify \fBdch1\fP to delete a single character, \fBdch\fP with one parameter, \fIn\fP, to delete \fIn\fPcharacters, and delete mode by giving \fBsmdc\fP and \fBrmdc\fP to enter and exit delete mode (any mode the terminal needs to be placed in for \fBdch1\fP to work). .PP Komenda do kasowania \fIn\fP znaków (równoważna wypuszczeniu \fIn\fP spacji bez przesuwania kursora) może być określona jako \fBech\fP z jednym parametrem. .SS "Podświetlanie, podkreślanie i wizualne dzwonki" If your terminal has one or more kinds of display attributes, these can be represented in a number of different ways. You should choose one display form as \fIstandout mode\fP, representing a good, high contrast, easy\-on\-the\-eyes, format for highlighting error messages and other attention getters. (If you have a choice, reverse video plus half\-bright is good, or reverse video alone.) The sequences to enter and exit standout mode are given as \fBsmso\fP and \fBrmso\fP, respectively. If the code to change into or out of standout mode leaves one or even two blank spaces on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do, then \fBxmc\fP should be given to tell how many spaces are left. .PP Codes to begin underlining and end underlining can be given as \fBsmul\fP and \fBrmul\fP respectively. If the terminal has a code to underline the current character and move the cursor one space to the right, such as the Microterm Mime, this can be given as \fBuc\fP. .PP Other capabilities to enter various highlighting modes include \fBblink\fP (blinking) \fBbold\fP (bold or extra bright) \fBdim\fP (dim or half\-bright) \fBinvis\fP (blanking or invisible text) \fBprot\fP (protected) \fBrev\fP (reverse video) \fBsgr0\fP (turn off \fIall\fP attribute modes) \fBsmacs\fP (enter alternate character set mode) and \fBrmacs\fP (exit alternate character set mode). Turning on any of these modes singly may or may not turn off other modes. .PP If there is a sequence to set arbitrary combinations of modes, this should be given as \fBsgr\fP (set attributes), taking 9 parameters. Each parameter is either zero (0) or nonzero, as the corresponding attribute is on or off. The 9 parameters are, in order: standout, underline, reverse, blink, dim, bold, blank, protect, alternate character set. Not all modes need be supported by \fBsgr\fP, only those for which corresponding separate attribute commands exist. .PP Na przykład DEC vt220 wspiera większość trybów: .PP .TS center; lb lb lb l l l . tparm Parameter Atrybut Escape Sequence _ none none \eE[0m p1 standout \eE[0;1;7m p2 underline \eE[0;4m p3 reverse \eE[0;7m p4 blink \eE[0;5m p5 dim not available p6 bold \eE[0;1m p7 invis \eE[0;8m p8 chroń not used p9 altcharset \*^O (off) \*^N (on) .TE .PP We begin each escape sequence by turning off any existing modes, since there is no quick way to determine whether they are active. Standout is set up to be the combination of reverse and bold. The vt220 terminal has a protect mode, though it is not commonly used in sgr because it protects characters on the screen from the host's erasures. The altcharset mode also is different in that it is either \*^O or \*^N, depending on whether it is off or on. If all modes are turned on, the resulting sequence is \eE[0;1;4;5;7;8m\*^N. .PP Some sequences are common to different modes. For example, ;7 is output when either p1 or p3 is true, that is, if either standout or reverse modes are turned on. .PP Spisanie powyższych sekwencji wraz z ich zależnościami daje .PP .ne 11 .TS center; lb lb lb l l l . Sekwencja When to Output translacja terminfo _ \eE[0 zawsze \eE[0 ;1 gdy p1 lub p6 %?%p1%p6%|%t;1%; ;4 gdy p2 %?%p2%|%t;4%; ;5 gdy p4 %?%p4%|%t;5%; ;7 gdy p1 lub p3 %?%p1%p3%|%t;7%; ;8 gdy p7 %?%p7%|%t;8%; m zawsze m \*^N lub \*^O gdy p9 \*^N, inaczej \*^O %?%p9%t\*^N%e\*^O%; .TE .PP Wstawienie tego wszystkiego do sekwencji sgr daje: .PP .EX sgr=\eE[0%?%p1%p6%|%t;1%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p4%t;5%; %?%p1%p3%|%t;7%;%?%p7%t;8%;m%?%p9%t\e016%e\e017%;, .EE .PP Remember that if you specify sgr, you must also specify sgr0. Also, some implementations rely on sgr being given if sgr0 is, Not all terminfo entries necessarily have an sgr string, however. Many terminfo entries are derived from termcap entries which have no sgr string. The only drawback to adding an sgr string is that termcap also assumes that sgr0 does not exit alternate character set mode. .PP Terminals with the \*(``magic cookie\*('' glitch (\fBxmc\fP) deposit special \*(``cookies\*('' when they receive mode\-setting sequences, which affect the display algorithm rather than having extra bits for each character. Some terminals, such as the HP 2621, automatically leave standout mode when they move to a new line or the cursor is addressed. Programs using standout mode should exit standout mode before moving the cursor or sending a newline, unless the \fBmsgr\fP capability, asserting that it is safe to move in standout mode, is present. .PP If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to indicate an error quietly (a bell replacement) then this can be given as \fBflash\fP; it must not move the cursor. .PP If the cursor needs to be made more visible than normal when it is not on the bottom line (to make, for example, a non\-blinking underline into an easier to find block or blinking underline) give this sequence as \fBcvvis\fP. If there is a way to make the cursor completely invisible, give that as \fBcivis\fP. The capability \fBcnorm\fP should be given which undoes the effects of both of these modes. .PP If your terminal correctly generates underlined characters (with no special codes needed) even though it does not overstrike, then you should give the capability \fBul\fP. If a character overstriking another leaves both characters on the screen, specify the capability \fBos\fP. If overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be indicated by giving \fBeo\fP. .SS "Keypad i klawisze funkcyjne" If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the keys are pressed, this information can be given. Note that it is not possible to handle terminals where the keypad only works in local (this applies, for example, to the unshifted HP 2621 keys). If the keypad can be set to transmit or not transmit, give these codes as \fBsmkx\fP and \fBrmkx\fP. Otherwise the keypad is assumed to always transmit. .PP The codes sent by the left arrow, right arrow, up arrow, down arrow, and home keys can be given as \fBkcub1, kcuf1, kcuu1, kcud1, \fPand\fB khome\fP respectively. If there are function keys such as f0, f1, ..., f10, the codes they send can be given as \fBkf0, kf1, ..., kf10\fP. If these keys have labels other than the default f0 through f10, the labels can be given as \fBlf0, lf1, ..., lf10\fP. .PP The codes transmitted by certain other special keys can be given: .bP \fBkll\fP (home down), .bP \fBkbs\fP (backspace), .bP \fBktbc\fP (clear all tabs), .bP \fBkctab\fP (clear the tab stop in this column), .bP \fBkclr\fP (clear screen or erase key), .bP \fBkdch1\fP (delete character), .bP \fBkdl1\fP (delete line), .bP \fBkrmir\fP (zakończ tryb wstawiania), .bP \fBkel\fP (wyczyść do końca linii), .bP \fBked\fP (wyczyść do końca ekranu), .bP \fBkich1\fP (insert character or enter insert mode), .bP \fBkil1\fP (wstaw linię), .bP \fBknp\fP (next page), .bP \fBkpp\fP (previous page), .bP \fBkind\fP (scroll forward/down), .bP \fBkri\fP (scroll backward/up), .bP \fBkhts\fP (set a tab stop in this column). .PP In addition, if the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys including the four arrow keys, the other five keys can be given as \fBka1\fP, \fBka3\fP, \fBkb2\fP, \fBkc1\fP, and \fBkc3\fP. These keys are useful when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are needed. .PP Strings to program function keys can be given as \fBpfkey\fP, \fBpfloc\fP, and \fBpfx\fP. A string to program screen labels should be specified as \fBpln\fP. Each of these strings takes two parameters: the function key number to program (from 0 to 10) and the string to program it with. Function key numbers out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal dependent manner. The difference between the capabilities is that \fBpfkey\fP causes pressing the given key to be the same as the user typing the given string; \fBpfloc\fP causes the string to be executed by the terminal in local; and \fBpfx\fP causes the string to be transmitted to the computer. .PP The capabilities \fBnlab\fP, \fBlw\fP and \fBlh\fP define the number of programmable screen labels and their width and height. If there are commands to turn the labels on and off, give them in \fBsmln\fP and \fBrmln\fP. \fBsmln\fP is normally output after one or more pln sequences to make sure that the change becomes visible. .SS "Tabulacje i inicjalizacja" A few capabilities are used only for tabs: .bP If the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance to the next tab stop can be given as \fBht\fP (usually control/I). .bP A \*(``back\-tab\*('' command which moves leftward to the preceding tab stop can be given as \fBcbt\fP. .IP By convention, if the teletype modes indicate that tabs are being expanded by the computer rather than being sent to the terminal, programs should not use \fBht\fP or \fBcbt\fP even if they are present, since the user may not have the tab stops properly set. .bP If the terminal has hardware tabs which are initially set every \fIn\fP spaces when the terminal is powered up, the numeric parameter \fBit\fP is given, showing the number of spaces the tabs are set to. .IP The \fBit\fP capability is normally used by the \fBtset\fP command to determine whether to set the mode for hardware tab expansion, and whether to set the tab stops. If the terminal has tab stops that can be saved in non\-volatile memory, the terminfo description can assume that they are properly set. .PP Other capabilities include .bP \fBis1\fP, \fBis2\fP, and \fBis3\fP, initialization strings for the terminal, .bP \fBiprog\fP, the path name of a program to be run to initialize the terminal, .bP and \fBif\fP, the name of a file containing long initialization strings. .PP These strings are expected to set the terminal into modes consistent with the rest of the terminfo description. They are normally sent to the terminal, by the \fIinit\fP option of the \fBtput\fP program, each time the user logs in. They will be printed in the following order: .RS .TP run the program \fBiprog\fP .TP output .br \fBis1\fP and .br \fBis2\fP .TP set the margins using \fBmgc\fP lub .br \fBsmglp\fP i \fBsmgrp\fP lub .br \fBsmgl\fP i \fBsmgr\fP .TP set tabs using \fBtbc\fP i \fBhts\fP .TP print the file \fBif\fP .TP and finally output \fBis3\fP. .RE .PP Most initialization is done with \fBis2\fP. Special terminal modes can be set up without duplicating strings by putting the common sequences in \fBis2\fP and special cases in \fBis1\fP and \fBis3\fP. .PP A set of sequences that does a harder reset from a totally unknown state can be given as \fBrs1\fP, \fBrs2\fP, \fBrf\fP and \fBrs3\fP, analogous to \fBis1 ,\fP \fBis2 ,\fP \fBif\fP and \fBis3\fP respectively. These strings are output by \fIreset\fP option of \fBtput\fP, or by the \fBreset\fP program (an alias of \fBtset\fP), which is used when the terminal gets into a wedged state. Commands are normally placed in \fBrs1\fP, \fBrs2\fP \fBrs3\fP and \fBrf\fP only if they produce annoying effects on the screen and are not necessary when logging in. For example, the command to set the vt100 into 80\-column mode would normally be part of \fBis2\fP, but it causes an annoying glitch of the screen and is not normally needed since the terminal is usually already in 80\-column mode. .PP The \fBreset\fP program writes strings including \fBiprog\fP, etc., in the same order as the \fIinit\fP program, using \fBrs1\fP, etc., instead of \fBis1\fP, etc. If any of \fBrs1\fP, \fBrs2\fP, \fBrs3\fP, or \fBrf\fP reset capability strings are missing, the \fBreset\fP program falls back upon the corresponding initialization capability string. .PP If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can be given as \fBtbc\fP (clear all tab stops) and \fBhts\fP (set a tab stop in the current column of every row). If a more complex sequence is needed to set the tabs than can be described by this, the sequence can be placed in \fBis2\fP or \fBif\fP. .PP The \fBtput reset\fP command uses the same capability strings as the \fBreset\fP command, although the two programs (\fBtput\fP and \fBreset\fP) provide different command\-line options. .PP In practice, these terminfo capabilities are not often used in initialization of tabs (though they are required for the \fBtabs\fP program): .bP Almost all hardware terminals (at least those which supported tabs) initialized those to every \fIeight\fP columns: .IP The only exception was the AT&T 2300 series, which set tabs to every \fIfive\fP columns. .bP In particular, developers of the hardware terminals which are commonly used as models for modern terminal emulators provided documentation demonstrating that \fIeight\fP columns were the standard. .bP Because of this, the terminal initialization programs \fBtput\fP and \fBtset\fP use the \fBtbc\fP (\fBclear_all_tabs\fP) and \fBhts\fP (\fBset_tab\fP) capabilities directly only when the \fBit\fP (\fBinit_tabs\fP) capability is set to a value other than \fIeight\fP. .SS "Opóźnienia i wypełnianie" Many older and slower terminals do not support either XON/XOFF or DTR handshaking, including hard copy terminals and some very archaic CRTs (including, for example, DEC VT100s). These may require padding characters after certain cursor motions and screen changes. .PP If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking for flow control (that is, it automatically emits \*^S back to the host when its input buffers are close to full), set \fBxon\fP. This capability suppresses the emission of padding. You can also set it for memory\-mapped console devices effectively that do not have a speed limit. Padding information should still be included so that routines can make better decisions about relative costs, but actual pad characters will not be transmitted. .PP If \fBpb\fP (padding baud rate) is given, padding is suppressed at baud rates below the value of \fBpb\fP. If the entry has no padding baud rate, then whether padding is emitted or not is completely controlled by \fBxon\fP. .PP Jeśli terminal wymaga innych niż zero znaków wypełniania, to powinno to być podawane jako \fBpad\fP. Z łańcucha \fBpad\fP używany jest jedynie pierwszy znak. .SS "Linie statusu" Niektóre terminale posiadają dodatkowe `linie statusu', które nie są normalnie używane przez oprogramowanie (a więc nie liczą się jako właściwość \fBlines\fP terminala). .PP The simplest case is a status line which is cursor\-addressable but not part of the main scrolling region on the screen; the Heathkit H19 has a status line of this kind, as would a 24\-line VT100 with a 23\-line scrolling region set up on initialization. This situation is indicated by the \fBhs\fP capability. .PP Some terminals with status lines need special sequences to access the status line. These may be expressed as a string with single parameter \fBtsl\fP which takes the cursor to a given zero\-origin column on the status line. The capability \fBfsl\fP must return to the main\-screen cursor positions before the last \fBtsl\fP. You may need to embed the string values of \fBsc\fP (save cursor) and \fBrc\fP (restore cursor) in \fBtsl\fP and \fBfsl\fP to accomplish this. .PP The status line is normally assumed to be the same width as the width of the terminal. If this is untrue, you can specify it with the numeric capability \fBwsl\fP. .PP Komend kasowania linii statusu może być podawana jako \fBdsl\fP. .PP Wartość logiczna \fBeslok\fP określa, że sekwencje specjalne, tabulacje itp. działają w linii statusu normalnie. .PP Implementacja \fBncurses\fP nie używa jeszcze żadnej z tych właściwości Są one tu udokumentowane na wypadek, gdyby stały się istotne. .SS "Line Graphics" Wiele terminali posiada alternatywne zestawy znaków, przydatne do rysowania figur. Terminfo i \fBcurses\fP mają wsparcie do rysowania znaków wspieranych przez VT100 plus niektóre znaki z AT&T 4410v1. Alternatywny zestaw znaków może być określony właściwością \fBacsc\fP. .PP .TS center; Lb Cb S L Lb Lb2 Lb2 Lb Lb1 S Lb L C Lb Lx. \& acsc \& \& ACS Name Wartość Symbol ASCII Fallback / Glyph Name _ ACS_RARROW 0x2b + > arrow pointing right ACS_LARROW 0x2c , < arrow pointing left ACS_UARROW 0x2d \- \*^ arrow pointing up ACS_DARROW 0x2e . v arrow pointing down ACS_BLOCK 0x30 0 # czysty blok kwadratowy ACS_DIAMOND 0x60 \(ga + diamond ACS_CKBOARD 0x61 a : checker board (stipple) ACS_DEGREE 0x66 f \e symbol stopnia ACS_PLMINUS 0x67 g # plus/minus ACS_BOARD 0x68 h # plansza kwadratów ACS_LANTERN 0x69 i # symbol latarni ACS_LRCORNER 0x6a j + lower right corner (dolny prawy narożnik) ACS_URCORNER 0x6b k + upper right corner (górny prawy narożnik) ACS_ULCORNER 0x6c l + upper left corner (górny lewy narożnik) ACS_LLCORNER 0x6d m + lower left corner (dolny lewy narożnik) ACS_PLUS 0x6e n + large plus or crossover ACS_S1 0x6f o \*~ scan line 1 ACS_S3 0x70 p \- scan line 3 ACS_HLINE 0x71 q \- horizontal line (linia pozioma) ACS_S7 0x72 r \- scan line 7 ACS_S9 0x73 s \&_ scan line 9 ACS_LTEE 0x74 t + tee pointing right (T wskazujące na prawo) ACS_RTEE 0x75 u + tee pointing left (T wskazujące na lewo) ACS_BTEE 0x76 v + tee pointing up (T wskazujące w górę) ACS_TTEE 0x77 w + tee pointing down (T wskazujące w dół) ACS_VLINE 0x78 x | vertical line (linia pionowa) ACS_LEQUAL 0x79 y < mniejszylubrówny ACS_GEQUAL 0x7a z > większylubrówny ACS_PI 0x7b { * greek pi ACS_NEQUAL 0x7c | ! not\-equal ACS_STERLING 0x7d } f UK znak funta ACS_BULLET 0x7e \*~ o bullet .TE .PP A few notes apply to the table itself: .bP X/Open Curses incorrectly states that the mapping for \fIlantern\fP is uppercase \*(``I\*('' although Unix implementations use the lowercase \*(``i\*('' mapping. .bP The DEC VT100 implemented graphics using the alternate character set feature, temporarily switching \fImodes\fP and sending characters in the range 0x60 (96) to 0x7e (126) (the \fBacsc Value\fP column in the table). .bP The AT&T terminal added graphics characters outside that range. .IP Some of the characters within the range do not match the VT100; presumably they were used in the AT&T terminal: \fIboard of squares\fP replaces the VT100 \fInewline\fP symbol, while \fIlantern symbol\fP replaces the VT100 \fIvertical tab\fP symbol. The other VT100 symbols for control characters (\fIhorizontal tab\fP, \fIcarriage return\fP and \fIline\-feed\fP) are not (re)used in curses. .PP The best way to define a new device's graphics set is to add a column to a copy of this table for your terminal, giving the character which (when emitted between \fBsmacs\fP/\fBrmacs\fP switches) will be rendered as the corresponding graphic. Then read off the VT100/your terminal character pairs right to left in sequence; these become the ACSC string. .SS "Color Handling" The curses library functions \fBinit_pair\fP and \fBinit_color\fP manipulate the \fIcolor pairs\fP and \fIcolor values\fP discussed in this section (see \fBcurs_color\fP(3X) for details on these and related functions). .PP Most color terminals are either \*(``Tektronix\-like\*('' or \*(``HP\-like\*('': .bP Tektronix\-like terminals have a predefined set of \fIN\fP colors (where \fIN\fP is usually 8), and can set character\-cell foreground and background characters independently, mixing them into \fIN\fP\ *\ \fIN\fP color pairs. .bP On HP\-like terminals, the user must set each color pair up separately (foreground and background are not independently settable). Up to \fIM\fP color pairs may be set up from 2*\fIM\fP different colors. ANSI\-compatible terminals are Tektronix\-like. .PP Some basic color capabilities are independent of the color method. The numeric capabilities \fBcolors\fP and \fBpairs\fP specify the maximum numbers of colors and color pairs that can be displayed simultaneously. The \fBop\fP (original pair) string resets foreground and background colors to their default values for the terminal. The \fBoc\fP string resets all colors or color pairs to their default values for the terminal. Some terminals (including many PC terminal emulators) erase screen areas with the current background color rather than the power\-up default background; these should have the Boolean capability \fBbce\fP. .PP While the curses library works with \fIcolor pairs\fP (reflecting the inability of some devices to set foreground and background colors independently), there are separate capabilities for setting these features: .bP To change the current foreground or background color on a Tektronix\-type terminal, use \fBsetaf\fP (set ANSI foreground) and \fBsetab\fP (set ANSI background) or \fBsetf\fP (set foreground) and \fBsetb\fP (set background). These take one parameter, the color number. The SVr4 documentation describes only \fBsetaf\fP/\fBsetab\fP; the XPG4 draft says that "If the terminal supports ANSI escape sequences to set background and foreground, they should be coded as \fBsetaf\fP and \fBsetab\fP, respectively. .bP If the terminal supports other escape sequences to set background and foreground, they should be coded as \fBsetf\fP and \fBsetb\fP, respectively. The \fBvidputs\fP and the \fBrefresh\fP(3X) functions use the \fBsetaf\fP and \fBsetab\fP capabilities if they are defined. .PP The \fBsetaf\fP/\fBsetab\fP and \fBsetf\fP/\fBsetb\fP capabilities take a single numeric argument each. Argument values 0\-7 of \fBsetaf\fP/\fBsetab\fP are portably defined as follows (the middle column is the symbolic #define available in the header for the \fBcurses\fP or \fI\%ncurses\fP libraries). The terminal hardware is free to map these as it likes, but the RGB values indicate normal locations in color space. .PP .TS center; cb cb cb cb s s l lb c l1 l1 l . Color #define Wartość RGB _ czarny COLOR_BLACK 0 0, 0, 0 czerwony COLOR_RED 1 max, 0, 0 zielony COLOR_GREEN 2 0, max, 0 żółty COLOR_YELLOW 3 max, max, 0 niebieski COLOR_BLUE 4 0, 0, max fioletowy COLOR_MAGENTA 5 max, 0, max cyjankowy COLOR_CYAN 6 0, max, max biały COLOR_WHITE 7 max, max, max .TE .br .if t .ne 6v .PP The argument values of \fBsetf\fP/\fBsetb\fP historically correspond to a different mapping, i.e., .PP .TS center; cb cb cb cb s s l lb c l1 l1 l . Color #define Wartość RGB _ czarny COLOR_BLACK 0 0, 0, 0 niebieski COLOR_BLUE 1 0, 0, max zielony COLOR_GREEN 2 0, max, 0 cyjankowy COLOR_CYAN 3 0, max, max czerwony COLOR_RED 4 max, 0, 0 fioletowy COLOR_MAGENTA 5 max, 0, max żółty COLOR_YELLOW 6 max, max, 0 biały COLOR_WHITE 7 max, max, max .TE .PP It is important to not confuse the two sets of color capabilities; otherwise red/blue will be interchanged on the display. .PP On an HP\-like terminal, use \fBscp\fP with a color pair number parameter to set which color pair is current. .PP Some terminals allow the \fIcolor values\fP to be modified: .bP On a Tektronix\-like terminal, the capability \fBccc\fP may be present to indicate that colors can be modified. If so, the \fBinitc\fP capability will take a color number (0 to \fBcolors\fP \- 1)and three more parameters which describe the color. These three parameters default to being interpreted as RGB (Red, Green, Blue) values. If the Boolean capability \fBhls\fP is present, they are instead as HLS (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) indices. The ranges are terminal\-dependent. .bP On an HP\-like terminal, \fBinitp\fP may give a capability for changing a color pair value. It will take seven parameters; a color pair number (0 to \fBmax_pairs\fP \- 1), and two triples describing first background and then foreground colors. These parameters must be (Red, Green, Blue) or (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) depending on \fBhls\fP. .PP On some color terminals, colors collide with highlights. You can register these collisions with the \fBncv\fP capability. This is a bit mask of attributes not to be used when colors are enabled. The correspondence with the attributes understood by \fBcurses\fP is as follows: .PP .TS center; cb cb cb cb lb n n lb. Atrybut Bit Dziesiętnie Set by _ A_STANDOUT 0 1 sgr A_UNDERLINE 1 2 sgr A_REVERSE 2 4 sgr A_BLINK 3 8 sgr A_DIM 4 16 sgr A_BOLD 5 32 sgr A_INVIS 6 64 sgr A_PROTECT 7 128 sgr A_ALTCHARSET 8 256 sgr A_HORIZONTAL 9 512 sgr1 A_LEFT 10 1024 sgr1 A_LOW 11 2048 sgr1 A_RIGHT 12 4096 sgr1 A_TOP 13 8192 sgr1 A_VERTICAL 14 16384 sgr1 A_ITALIC 15 32768 sitm .TE .PP Na przykład na wielu konsolach IBM PC atrybut podkreślenia koliduje z niebieskim kolorem pierwszego planu i nie jest dostępny w trybie kolorowym. Powinny więc mieć ustawione właściwość \fBncv\fP na 2. .PP SVr4 curses does nothing with \fBncv\fP, \fI\%ncurses\fP recognizes it and optimizes the output in favor of colors. .SS Różne If the terminal requires other than a null (zero) character as a pad, then this can be given as pad. Only the first character of the pad string is used. If the terminal does not have a pad character, specify npc. Note that \fI\%ncurses\fP implements the termcap\-compatible \fBPC\fP variable; though the application may set this value to something other than a null, \fI\%ncurses\fP will test \fBnpc\fP first and use napms if the terminal has no pad character. .PP If the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can be indicated with \fBhu\fP (half\-line up) and \fBhd\fP (half\-line down). This is primarily useful for superscripts and subscripts on hard\-copy terminals. If a hard\-copy terminal can eject to the next page (form feed), give this as \fBff\fP (usually control/L). .PP If there is a command to repeat a given character a given number of times (to save time transmitting a large number of identical characters) this can be indicated with the parameterized string \fBrep\fP. The first parameter is the character to be repeated and the second is the number of times to repeat it. Thus, tparm(repeat_char, \*'x\*', 10) is the same as \*(``xxxxxxxxxx\*(''. .PP If the terminal has a settable command character, such as the \s-1TEKTRONIX\s+1 4025, this can be indicated with \fBcmdch\fP. A prototype command character is chosen which is used in all capabilities. This character is given in the \fBcmdch\fP capability to identify it. The following convention is supported on some Unix systems: The environment is to be searched for a \fBCC\fP variable, and if found, all occurrences of the prototype character are replaced with the character in the environment variable. .PP Terminal descriptions that do not represent a specific kind of known terminal, such as \fIswitch\fP, \fIdialup\fP, \fIpatch\fP, and \fInetwork\fP, should include the \fBgn\fP (generic) capability so that programs can complain that they do not know how to talk to the terminal. (This capability does not apply to \fIvirtual\fP terminal descriptions for which the escape sequences are known.) .PP If the terminal has a \*(``meta key\*('' which acts as a shift key, setting the 8th bit of any character transmitted, this fact can be indicated with \fBkm\fP. Otherwise, software will assume that the 8th bit is parity and it will usually be cleared. If strings exist to turn this \*(``meta mode\*('' on and off, they can be given as \fBsmm\fP and \fBrmm\fP. .PP If the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on the screen at once, the number of lines of memory can be indicated with \fBlm\fP. A value of \fBlm\fP#0 indicates that the number of lines is not fixed, but that there is still more memory than fits on the screen. .PP Jeśli terminal jest jednym z obsługiwanych przez uniksowy protokół wirtualnego terminala, to numer terminala może być podany jako \fBvt\fP. .PP Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer connected to the terminal can be given as \fBmc0\fP: print the contents of the screen, \fBmc4\fP: turn off the printer, and \fBmc5\fP: turn on the printer. When the printer is on, all text sent to the terminal will be sent to the printer. It is undefined whether the text is also displayed on the terminal screen when the printer is on. A variation \fBmc5p\fP takes one parameter, and leaves the printer on for as many characters as the value of the parameter, then turns the printer off. The parameter should not exceed 255. All text, including \fBmc4\fP, is transparently passed to the printer while an \fBmc5p\fP is in effect. .SS "Glitches and Brain Damage" Hazeltine terminals, which do not allow \*(``\*~\*('' characters to be displayed should indicate \fBhz\fP. .PP Terminals which ignore a line\-feed immediately after an \fBam\fP wrap, such as the Concept and vt100, should indicate \fBxenl\fP. .PP If \fBel\fP is required to get rid of standout (instead of merely writing normal text on top of it), \fBxhp\fP should be given. .PP Teleray terminals, where tabs turn all characters moved over to blanks, should indicate \fBxt\fP (destructive tabs). Note: the variable indicating this is now \*(``dest_tabs_magic_smso\*(''; in older versions, it was teleray_glitch. This glitch is also taken to mean that it is not possible to position the cursor on top of a \*(``magic cookie\*('', that to erase standout mode it is instead necessary to use delete and insert line. The \fI\%ncurses\fP implementation ignores this glitch. .PP The Beehive Superbee, which is unable to correctly transmit the escape or control/C characters, has \fBxsb\fP, indicating that the f1 key is used for escape and f2 for control/C. (Only certain Superbees have this problem, depending on the ROM.) Note that in older terminfo versions, this capability was called \*(``beehive_glitch\*(''; it is now \*(``no_esc_ctl_c\*(''. .PP Other specific terminal problems may be corrected by adding more capabilities of the form \fBx\fP\fIx\fP. .SS "Pułapki długich wpisów" Long terminfo entries are unlikely to be a problem; to date, no entry has even approached terminfo's 4096\-byte string\-table maximum. Unfortunately, the termcap translations are much more strictly limited (to 1023 bytes), thus termcap translations of long terminfo entries can cause problems. .PP The man pages for 4.3BSD and older versions of \fBtgetent\fP instruct the user to allocate a 1024\-byte buffer for the termcap entry. The entry gets null\-terminated by the termcap library, so that makes the maximum safe length for a termcap entry 1k\-1 (1023) bytes. Depending on what the application and the termcap library being used does, and where in the termcap file the terminal type that \fBtgetent\fP is searching for is, several bad things can happen: .bP some termcap libraries print a warning message, .bP some exit if they find an entry that's longer than 1023 bytes, .bP some neither exit nor warn, doing nothing useful, and .bP some simply truncate the entries to 1023 bytes. .PP Some application programs allocate more than the recommended 1K for the termcap entry; others do not. .PP Each termcap entry has two important sizes associated with it: before \*(``tc\*('' expansion, and after \*(``tc\*('' expansion. \*(``tc\*('' is the capability that tacks on another termcap entry to the end of the current one, to add on its capabilities. If a termcap entry does not use the \*(``tc\*('' capability, then of course the two lengths are the same. .PP The \*(``before tc expansion\*('' length is the most important one, because it affects more than just users of that particular terminal. This is the length of the entry as it exists in /etc/termcap, minus the backslash\-newline pairs, which \fBtgetent\fP strips out while reading it. Some termcap libraries strip off the final newline, too (GNU termcap does not). Now suppose: .bP wpis termcap przed rozwinięciem ma więcej niż 1023 bajty, .bP and the application has only allocated a 1k buffer, .bP and the termcap library (like the one in BSD/OS 1.1 and GNU) reads the whole entry into the buffer, no matter what its length, to see if it is the entry it wants, .bP and \fBtgetent\fP is searching for a terminal type that either is the long entry, appears in the termcap file after the long entry, or does not appear in the file at all (so that \fBtgetent\fP has to search the whole termcap file). .PP Then \fBtgetent\fP will overwrite memory, perhaps its stack, and probably core dump the program. Programs like telnet are particularly vulnerable; modern telnets pass along values like the terminal type automatically. The results are almost as undesirable with a termcap library, like SunOS 4.1.3 and Ultrix 4.4, that prints warning messages when it reads an overly long termcap entry. If a termcap library truncates long entries, like OSF/1 3.0, it is immune to dying here but will return incorrect data for the terminal. .PP The \*(``after tc expansion\*('' length will have a similar effect to the above, but only for people who actually set \fITERM\fP to that terminal type, since \fBtgetent\fP only does \*(``tc\*('' expansion once it is found the terminal type it was looking for, not while searching. .PP In summary, a termcap entry that is longer than 1023 bytes can cause, on various combinations of termcap libraries and applications, a core dump, warnings, or incorrect operation. If it is too long even before \*(``tc\*('' expansion, it will have this effect even for users of some other terminal types and users whose \fITERM\fP variable does not have a termcap entry. .PP When in \-C (translate to termcap) mode, the \fI\%ncurses\fP implementation of \fBtic\fP(1M) issues warning messages when the pre\-tc length of a termcap translation is too long. The \-c (check) option also checks resolved (after tc expansion) lengths. .SH PLIKI .TP \fI\*d\fP compiled terminal description database directory .SH ROZSZERZENIA Searching for terminal descriptions in \fI$HOME/.terminfo\fP and \fI\%TERMINFO_DIRS\fP is not supported by older implementations. .PP Some SVr4 \fBcurses\fP implementations, and all previous to SVr4, do not interpret the %A and %O operators in parameter strings. .PP SVr4/XPG4 do not specify whether \fBmsgr\fP licenses movement while in an alternate\-character\-set mode (such modes may, among other things, map CR and NL to characters that do not trigger local motions). The \fI\%ncurses\fP implementation ignores \fBmsgr\fP in \fBALTCHARSET\fP mode. This raises the possibility that an XPG4 implementation making the opposite interpretation may need terminfo entries made for \fI\%ncurses\fP to have \fBmsgr\fP turned off. .PP The \fI\%ncurses\fP library handles insert\-character and insert\-character modes in a slightly non\-standard way to get better update efficiency. See the \fBInsert/Delete Character\fP subsection above. .PP The parameter substitutions for \fBset_clock\fP and \fBdisplay_clock\fP are not documented in SVr4 or X/Open Curses. They are deduced from the documentation for the AT&T 505 terminal. .PP Be careful assigning the \fBkmous\fP capability. The \fI\%ncurses\fP library wants to interpret it as \fBKEY_MOUSE\fP, for use by terminals and emulators like xterm that can return mouse\-tracking information in the keyboard\-input stream. .PP X/Open Curses does not mention italics. Portable applications must assume that numeric capabilities are signed 16\-bit values. This includes the \fIno_color_video\fP (\fBncv\fP) capability. The 32768 mask value used for italics with \fBncv\fP can be confused with an absent or cancelled \fBncv\fP. If italics should work with colors, then the \fBncv\fP value must be specified, even if it is zero. .PP Different commercial ports of \fI\%terminfo\fP and \fIcurses\fP support different subsets of X/Open Curses and (in some cases) different extensions. Here is a summary, accurate as of October 1995, after which the commercial Unix market contracted and lost diversity. .bP SVr4, Solaris, and \fI\%ncurses\fP support all SVr4 capabilities. .bP IRIX supports the SVr4 set and adds one undocumented extended string capability (\fB\%set_pglen\fP). .bP SVr1 and Ultrix support a restricted subset of \fI\%terminfo\fP capabilities. The Booleans end with \fB\%xon_xoff\fP; the numerics with \fB\%width_status_line\fP; and the strings with \fB\%prtr_non\fP. .bP HP/UX supports the SVr1 subset, plus the SVr[234] numerics \fB\%num_labels\fP, \fB\%label_height\fP, \fB\%label_width\fP, plus function keys 11 through 63, plus \fB\%plab_norm\fP, \fB\%label_on\fP, and \fB\%label_off\fP, plus a number of incompatible string table extensions. .bP AIX supports the SVr1 subset, plus function keys 11 through 63, plus a number of incompatible string table extensions. .bP OSF/1 supports both the SVr4 set and the AIX extensions. .SH PRZENOŚNOŚĆ Do not count on compiled (binary) \fI\%terminfo\fP entries being portable between commercial Unix systems. At least two implementations of \fI\%terminfo\fP (those of HP\-UX and AIX) diverged from those of other System V Unices after SVr1, adding extension capabilities to the string table that (in the binary format) collide with subsequent System V and X/Open Curses extensions. .SH AUTORZY Zeyd M. Ben\-Halim, Eric S. Raymond, Thomas E. Dickey. Based on \fIpcurses\fP by Pavel Curtis. .SH "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" \fB\%infocmp\fP(1M), \fB\%tabs\fP(1), \fB\%tic\fP(1M), \fB\%curses\fP(3X), \fB\%curs_color\fP(3X), \fB\%curs_terminfo\fP(3X), \fB\%curs_variables\fP(3X), \fB\%printf\fP(3), \fB\%term_variables\fP(3X), \fB\%term\fP(5), \fB\%user_caps\fP(5) .PP .SH TŁUMACZENIE Tłumaczenie niniejszej strony podręcznika: Przemek Borys i Andrzej Krzysztofowicz . .PP Niniejsze tłumaczenie jest wolną dokumentacją. Bliższe informacje o warunkach licencji można uzyskać zapoznając się z .UR https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html GNU General Public License w wersji 3 .UE lub nowszej. Nie przyjmuje się ŻADNEJ ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI. .PP Błędy w tłumaczeniu strony podręcznika prosimy zgłaszać na adres listy dyskusyjnej .MT manpages-pl-list@lists.sourceforge.net .ME .