TAR(1) GNU TAR TAR(1) tar - tar {A|c|d|r|t|u|x}[GnSkUWOmpsMBiajJzZhPlRvwo] [ARG...] tar -A [OPTIONS] -f ARCHIVE ARCHIVE... tar -c [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar -d [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar -r [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar -t [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER...] tar -u [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar -x [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER...] tar {--catenate|--concatenate} [OPTIONS] --file ARCHIVE ARCHIVE... tar --create [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar {--diff|--compare} [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar --delete [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER...] tar --append [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar --list [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER...] tar --test-label [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [LABEL...] tar --update [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...] tar {--extract|--get} [--file ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER...] GNU tar. GNU Tar texinfo. info tar info tar . info emacs(1) https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual GNU Tar . GNU tar () . ( tape archiver) . GNU tar . . . : . c v f . tar /etc etc.tar : tar cfv etc.tar /etc . . -g/tmp/snar.db. -vkp. ( ) -vkpf a.tar. : tar -cvf etc.tar /etc tar -c -v -f etc.tar /etc . . . . : tar --create --file etc.tar --verbose /etc ( ): tar --cre --file=etc.tar --verb /etc . GNU tar . . . -A --catenate --concatenate . . tar . -i (--ignore-zeros). . -c --create . . --no-recursion. -d --diff --compare . . . --delete . . . . . -r --append . -c (--create). -t --list . . . --test-label . ( ) 0. tar . 0 1 . -v (--verbose). . -u --update . -c -r. . . -x --extract --get . . . --show-defaults tar . - --help . --usage . --version . --check-device (). -g --listed-incremental=FILE . FILE tar . FILE ( 0). N N-1 FILE. FILE . /dev/null . --hole-detection=METHOD METHOD . --sparse. METHOD seek raw. seek raw . -G --incremental . --ignore-failed-read . --level=NUMBER . --level=0 : tar 0. -n --seek . tar . . ( --list --extract). --no-check-device . --no-seek (seekable). --occurrence[=N] N . : --delete --diff --extract --list -T. N 1. --restrict . --sparse-version=MAJOR[.MINOR] (sparse) . --sparse. 0.0 0.1 1.0. GNU Tar D "Sparse Formats". info : info tar 'Sparse Formats'. -S, --sparse . ( DBM). tar . tar . -k, --keep-old-files . --keep-newer-files . --keep-directory-symlink . --no-overwrite-dir . --one-top-level[=DIR] DIR ( --auto-compress). --overwrite . --overwrite-dir (). --recursive-unlink . --remove-files . --skip-old-files . -U, --unlink-first . -W, --verify . --ignore-command-error . --no-ignore-command-error (). -O, --to-stdout . --to-command=COMMAND COMMAND. . . : TAR_FILETYPE . : f d l h b c . TAR_MODE . TAR_FILENAME . TAR_REALNAME . TAR_UNAME . TAR_GNAME . TAR_ATIME . (Epoch). . TAR_MTIME . TAR_CTIME . TAR_SIZE . TAR_UID (UID) . TAR_GID (GID) . tar : TAR_VERSION tar . TAR_ARCHIVE tar. TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR 512 . TAR_VOLUME (volume) tar ( ). TAR_FORMAT . : gnu oldgnu posix ustar v7. TAR_SUBCOMMAND ( ) tar. --atime-preserve[=METHOD] (METHOD=replace ) (METHOD=system). --delay-directory-restore . . --group=NAME[:GID] NAME . GID NAME (GID) . (GID ) . --group-map=FILE FILE. --group-map=FILE FILE. . # . FILE . : OLDGRP NEWGRP[:NEWGID] OLDGRP (GID) +. NEWGID NEWGRP +GID. NEWGRP NEWGID . OLDGRP NEWGRP NEWGID. --mode= . --mtime=DATE-OR-FILE (mtime) . DATE-OR-FILE / . . -m, --touch . --no-delay-directory-restore --delay-directory-restore . --no-same-owner ( ). --no-same-permissions (umask) ( ). --numeric-owner /. --owner=NAME[:UID] NAME . UID NAME . ( ) . --owner-map=FILE FILE. --owner-map=FILE FILE. . # . FILE . : OLDUSR NEWUSR[:NEWUID] OLDUSR UID +. NEWUID NEWUSR +UID. NEWUSR NEWUID . OLDUSR NEWUSR UID NEWUID. -p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions ( ). --same-owner ( ). -s, --preserve-order, --same-order tar . --sort=ORDER ORDER none name inode. --sort=none . --sort=name . --sort=inode . . --acls POSIX ACLs. --no-acls POSIX ACLs. --selinux SELinux. --no-selinux SELinux. --xattrs . --no-xattrs . --xattrs-exclude=PATTERN xattr. PATTERN --xattrs-exclude='user.*' . --xattrs-include=PATTERN xattr. PATTERN . -f, --file=ARCHIVE ARCHIVE. tar `TAPE'. . tar . --show-defaults tar --help. . IP : --file=remotehost:/dev/sr0 @ . rsh(1). ssh(1) . : --rsh-command=/usr/bin/ssh rmt(8) . tar tar --rmt-command. --force-local . -F, --info-script=COMMAND, --new-volume-script=COMMAND COMMAND ( -M). . tar : TAR_VERSION tar . TAR_ARCHIVE tar. TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR 512 . TAR_VOLUME (volume) tar ( ). TAR_FORMAT . : gnu oldgnu posix ustar v7. TAR_SUBCOMMAND ( ) tar. TAR_FD tar . tar . -L, --tape-length=N Nx1024 . N ( Size suffixes ) 1024. -M. -M, --multi-volume // . --rmt-command=COMMAND COMMAND rmt . -f . --rsh-command=COMMAND COMMAND rsh . -f . --volno-file=FILE --multi-volume tar FILE. -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKSx512 . -B, --read-full-records . -i --ignore-zeros . 512 (EOF) tar . -A. --record-size=NUMBER . NUMBER . 512. size suffix --record-size=10K 10 . Size suffixes . -H --format=FORMAT . : gnu GNU tar 1.13.x oldgnu GNU tar <= 1.12. pax, posix POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax). ustar POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar). v7 v7 tar . --old-archive --portability --format=v7. --pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value]]... pax PAX (-H pax). -o pax(1). --posix --format=posix. -V --label=TEXT TEXT. TEXT (globbing) . -a --auto-compress . -I --use-compress-program=COMMAND COMMAND. -d . . -j --bzip2 bzip2(1). -J --xz xz(1). --lzip lzip(1). --lzma lzma(1). --lzop lzop(1). --no-auto-compress . -z --gzip --gunzip --ungzip gzip(1). -Z --compress --uncompress compress(1). --zstd zstd(1). --add-file=FILE FILE ( ). --backup[=CONTROL] . CONTROL . : none off . t numbered . nil existing . never simple CONTROL VERSION_CONTROL. existing. -C --directory=DIR DIR . . --exclude=PATTERN PATTERN glob(3). --exclude-backups . --exclude-caches CACHEDIR.TAG . --exclude-caches-all CACHEDIR.TAG . --exclude-caches-under CACHEDIR.TAG --exclude-ignore=FILE FILE. . . --exclude-ignore-recursive=FILE --exclude-ignore FILE . --exclude-tag=FILE FILE FILE . --exclude-tag-all=FILE FILE. --exclude-tag-under=FILE FILE. --exclude-vcs . --exclude-vcs-ignores (VCS). : .cvsignore .gitignore .bzrignore .hgignore. -h --dereference . --hard-dereference . -K --starting-file=MEMBER . --newer-mtime=DATE DATE. DATE / . (mtime) . --no-null --null . --no-recursion . --no-unquote . --no-verbatim-files-from . tar. . --no-verbatim-files-from --verbatim-files-from. : --files-from --verbatim-files-from . --no-null. --null -T (null) ( ). --verbatim-files-from. -N --newer=DATE --after-date=DATE DATE . DATE / . (mtime) . --one-file-system . -P --absolute-names . --recursion (). --suffix=STRING . ~ SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. -T --files-from=FILE FILE. LF ASCII ( ). . - tar. --verbatim-files-from. --null tar ASCII NUL LF. -print0 find(1). --unquote (). --verbatim-files-from . --files-from (-T). tar. --verbatim-files-from . --files-from . --no-verbatim-files-from. --null . --add-file. -X --exclude-from= . --strip-components=NUMBER NUMBER . --transform=EXPRESSION --xform=EXPRESSION sed EXPRESSION . . --anchored . --ignore-case . --no-anchored / ( ). --no-ignore-case (). --no-wildcards . --no-wildcards-match-slash (wildcards) /. --wildcards ( ). --wildcards-match-slash / ( ). --checkpoint[=N] N ( 10). --checkpoint-action=ACTION . --clamp-mtime --mtime. --full-time . --index-file= . -l --check-links . --no-quote-chars= . --quote-chars= . --quoting-style= . literal shell shell-always c c-maybe escape locale clocale. -R --block-number . --show-omitted-dirs . --show-transformed-names --show-stored-names --strip --transform. --totals[=] . . : SIGHUP SIGQUIT SIGINT SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2. SIG. --utc (UTC). -v --verbose . . 3. tar GNU Tar 2.5.2 " '--verbose'". --warning=_ _. _ no- . --warning . tar : all . . none . filename-with-nuls "%s: nul" alone-zero-block " %s" tar --create: cachedir "%s: %s %s" file-shrank "%s: %s " xdev "%s: " file-ignored "%s: " "%s: " "%s: (door)" file-unchanged "%s: " ignore-archive "%s: " file-removed "%s: " file-changed "%s: " failed-read . --ignore-failed-read. tar --extract: existing-file "%s: " "%s: %s" "%s: %s %s " contiguous-cast " " symlink-cast " " unknown-cast "%s: '%c' " ignore-newer "%s " unknown-keyword " '%s'" decompress-program . ( --verbose). : $ tar --warning=decompress-program -x -f archive.Z tar (child): compress: tar (child): gzip tar archive.Z compress gzip. record-size " = %lu " : rename-directory "%s: %s" "%s: " new-directory "%s: " xdev "%s: : " bad-dumpdir " (dumpdir) : 'X' " -w --interactive --confirmation . -o --old-archive. --no-same-owner. b SIZE x 512 B SIZE x 1024 c SIZE G SIZE x 1024^3 K SIZE x 1024 k SIZE x 1024 M SIZE x 1024^2 P SIZE x 1024^5 T SIZE x 1024^4 w SIZE x 2 Tar . 0 . 1 . tar --compare ( --diff -d) . tar --create --append --update . 2 . . tar tar . ( -z) . rmt . bzip2(1) compress(1) gzip(1) lzma(1) lzop(1) rmt(8) symlink(7) xz(1) zstd(1). tar : info tar emacs(1) . GNU tar : https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual . (C) 2023 . GPLv3+: 3 : . . 3 . . : . TAR 11 2022 TAR(1)