SSH(1) General Commands Manual SSH(1) NAME ssh - OpenSSH SSH () (SYNOPSIS) ssh [-l login_name] hostname | user@hostname [command] ssh [-afgknqstvxACNTX1246] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-e escape_char] [-i identity_file] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-o option] [-p port] [-F configfile] [-L port:host:hostport] [-R port:host:hostport] [-D port] hostname | user@hostname [command] (DESCRIPTION) ssh (SSH ) , . rlogin rsh, , , , . X11 TCP/IP (forward). ssh hostname , , /: SSH , /etc/hosts.equiv /etc/ssh/shosts.equiv , , . , (home ) .rhosts .shosts, , . , , . rhosts hosts.equiv RSA . $HOME/.rhosts, $HOME/.shosts, /etc/hosts.equiv, /etc/ssh/shosts.equiv , (host key) ( (FILE) /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts $HOME/.ssh/known_hosts ), . IP , DNS . [: /etc/hosts.equiv, $HOME/.rhosts, rlogin/rsh , .] , ssh RSA . : , . RSA . /. , . $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys (). , ssh (). (), , ( ssh ) , . . , /, (). ssh RSA . ssh-keygen(1) / RSA . $HOME/.ssh/identity , $HOME/.ssh/identity.pub . , identity.pub , $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys / ( authorized_keys $HOME/.rhosts , , ). . RSA rhosts . RAS (authentication agent) . ssh-agent(1) . , ssh (password), . , . SSH , . PreferredAuthentications , ; ; , , , . RAS , RAS DSA : ( $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa ) (session identifier), . $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys , , . Diffie-Hellman , . , . , ssh . ( 3DES, Blowfish, CAST128 Arcfour ) (hmac-md5, hmac-sha1). , . , , shell. shell . (pseudo-terminal)(), escape . , (transparent), . , , escape "none" . shell , , X11 TCP/IP . ssh . Escape , ssh escape . ~~ , , . escape (newline), . EscapeChar escape , -e . escape ( `~') : ~. ~^Z ssh ~# (forwarded connection) ~& /X11, ssh ~? escape ~C ( -L -R ) ~R (rekeying) (SSH, ) X11 TCP (forwarding) ForwardX11 "yes" ( -X -x ), X11 ( DISPLAY ), X11 : shell X11 , X . DISPLAY. , X11 . ssh DISPLAY , . , ssh "proxy" X , . ssh Xauthority . : SSH cookie, Xauthority . SSH cookie, , cookie. cookie ( cookie). ForwardAgent "yes" ( -A -a ), (authentication agent), . , TCP/IP . TCP/IP , , , . ssh , (). $HOME/.ssh/known_hosts . , SSH /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts . . , ssh , , . , . StrictHostKeyChecking . : -a . -A . . . ( UNIX socket), . , , . -b bind_address , . -c blowfish|3des|des . 3des . 3des (triple-des) --, . blowfish (block cipher), , 3des . des ssh , 3des . , . -c cipher_spec , , , . Ciphers. -e ch|^ch|none pty escape (: `~'). escape , escape (`.') , control-Z (suspend), escape . "none" escape , . -f ssh . ssh , . -n . X11 ssh -f host xterm . -g . -i identity_file RSA DSA (). $HOME/.ssh/identity $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa . . -i (). -I smartcard_device (smartcard). , ssh , RSA . -k Kerberos AFS . . -l login_name . . -m mac_spec , , , MAC() (message authentication code). MACs . -n stdin /dev/null ( stdin ). ssh . X11 . , ssh -n shadows.cs.hut.fi emacs & shadows.cs.hut.fi emacs, X11 . ssh . ( ssh , ; -f .) -N . . () -o option , . . -p port . . -q . . -s . SSH2 , ( sftp)SSH. . -t . (screen- based), , . -t , ssh . -T . -v . ssh . , . -v . . -x X11 . -X X11 . . X11 . (X), X11 . , . -C ( stdin, stdout, stderr X11 TCP/IP ). gzip(1) , , "level" CompressionLevel . modem , . . Compression . -F configfile . , (/etc/ssh/ssh_config) . $HOME/.ssh/config. -L port:host:hostport (). , socket port , , , host hostport . . root . IPv6 : port/host/hostport -R port:host:hostport (). , socket port , , , host hostport . . root . IPv6 : port/host/hostport -D port "" . , socket port , , , . SOCKS4 , ssh SOCKS4 . root . . -1 ssh . -2 ssh . -4 ssh IPv4 . -6 ssh IPv6 . (CONFIGURATION FILES) ssh . ssh_config(5). (ENVIRONMENT) ssh : DISPLAY DISPLAY X11 . ssh , "hostname:n" , hostname shell , n 1 . ssh , X11 . DISPLAY , X11 ( cookie). HOME . LOGNAME USER; . MAIL . PATH PATH, ssh . SSH_ASKPASS ssh (passphrase), , . ssh , DISPLAY SSH_ASKPASS , ssh SSH_ASKPASS , X11 . .Xsession script ssh , . (, /dev/null .) SSH_AUTH_SOCK UNIX socket , . SSH_CONNECTION . : IP, , IP, . SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND , . . SSH_TTY shell (). , . TZ (daemon), , (, ). USER . , , $HOME/.ssh/environment , ssh , "VARNAME=value" . sshd_config(5) PermitUserEnvironment . (FILES) $HOME/.ssh/known_hosts , , /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts . sshd(8). $HOME/.ssh/identity, $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa, $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa . RSA, DSA, RSA. , , (//). , , ssh . (passphrase), 3DES . $HOME/.ssh/identity.pub, $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub, $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub (). RSA , $HOME/.ssh/identity.pub $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys . DSA/RSA , $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys . , (). ssh , ; . $HOME/.ssh/config . ssh_config(5) . $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys RSA/DSA , . sshd(8) . .pub . , , . /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts . , . . , (): , , . , (). sshd(8) . , sshd(8) (); , ssh , . /etc/ssh/ssh_config . ssh_config(5) . /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key, /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key, /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key , RhostsRSAAuthentication HostbasedAuthentication. RhostsRSAAuthentication , ssh setuid root, root . HostbasedAuthentication , ssh ssh-keysign(8) . ssh setuid root . ssh setuid root. $HOME/.rhosts .rhosts , /. ( rlogin rsh , ) (), , . , NFS , , sshd(8) root . , , . , , . , sshd(8) , .rhosts , sshd(8) RSA . /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts , $HOME/.ssh/known_hosts . ssh ; $HOME/.ssh/known_hosts. $HOME/.shosts .rhosts . ssh rhosts rlogin rsh(1) . /etc/hosts.equiv .rhosts . , ( sshd(8) ). , , . , RSA . root . /etc/ssh/shosts.equiv /etc/hosts.equiv . ssh , rsh/rlogin . /etc/ssh/sshrc , shell (), ssh . sshd(8) . $HOME/.ssh/rc , shell (), ssh . sshd(8) . $HOME/.ssh/environment , ENVIRONMENT . (DIAGNOSTICS) ssh , 255. (AUTHORS) OpenSSH Tatu Ylonen ssh 1.2.12. Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos, Theo de Raadt Dug Song BUGS, , OpenSSH. Markus Friedl SSH 1.52.0. (SEE ALSO) rsh(1), scp(1), sftp(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), telnet(1), ssh_config(5), ssh-keysign(8), sshd(8) T. Ylonen, T. Kivinen, M. Saarinen, T. Rinne, and S. Lehtinen, SSH Protocol Architecture, draft- ietf-secsh-architecture-12.txt, January 2002, work in progress material. [] [] 2004/06/11 Linuxman http://cmpp.linuxforum.net man man https://github.com/man-pages-zh/manpages-zh Linux 6.7.4-arch1-1 September 25, 1999 Linux 6.7.4-arch1-1