MOUNT(8) MOUNT(8) mount - mount [-h|-V] mount [-l] [-t fstype] mount -a [-F] [-fnrsvw] [-t __] [-O _] mount [-fnrsvw] [-o options] |- mount [-fnrsvw] [-o ] [-t __] _ mount --bind|--rbind|--move olddir newdir mount --make-[r]{shared|slave|private|unbindable} _ Unix /. . mount . umount(8) . . mount : mount -t type device dir ( ) . -t . mount . (root) . " " . ( ) . : mount /dir mount ( ) /etc/fstab. --target --source . : mount --target /mountpoint ( ) . mount . . --all ( --all ). . findmnt(8) . '?'. ( ): mount [-l] [-t ] -l . . ( ) /dev/sda1 . NFS knuth.cwi.nl:/dir. . UUID LABEL. () : LABEL= . -L. UUID=uuid . UUID . -U. mount UUID . UUID fstab(5) . UUID . PARTLABEL= . mkfs mkswap. GUID (GPT). PARTUUID=uuid . mkfs mkswap. GUID (GPT). ID= udevd. WWN ( ) . ls /dev/disk/by-id udevd . udev udev . lsblk --fs (LABELs) UUID . blkid -p . UUID . lsblk -o +UUID,PARTUUID UUID . ( UUID=uuid) udev /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id,partuuid,partlabel} /etc/fstab. . mount(8) udev /etc/fstab . libblkid(3). proc - proc - . ( none : 'none already mounted' mount .) /etc/fstab /etc/mtab /proc/mounts /etc/fstab ( fstab(5)) . fstab(5) --fstab ( ). mount -a [-t ] [-O optlist] ( ) fstab ( / ) noauto. -F mount . fstab mtab . mount umount(8) /etc/mtab. /etc/mtab /etc/mtab /proc/mounts . mtab . mtab . mount . /etc/fstab -o: mount | -o /etc/fstab. --options-mode. . mount /etc/fstab ( LABEL UUID ID PARTUUID PARTLABEL) . foo /dir: mount /dev/foo /dir --options-source-force fstab. mount fstab. . fstab user . /dev/cdrom /cd iso9660 ro,user,noauto,unhide iso9660 : mount /cd mount fstab . mount. NFS CIFS . util-linux 2.35 mount libmount. suid (non-root). root ( fuse ). fstab(5). . users user fstab. owner user . /dev/fd . group . user . user=someone (/sbin/mount.) . (Bind mount) . : mount --bind olddir newdir fstab : /olddir /newdir none bind . "bind" VFS . "bind" . "bind". olddir newdir olddir. ( ). : mount --bind foo foo ( ) . : mount --rbind olddir newdir . ( _netdev) mount mount. util-linux 2.27 mount --bind. : mount -o bind,ro foo foo mount(2) . (atomic). () : mount --bind olddir newdir mount -o remount,bind,ro olddir newdir ( VFS) olddir newdir . VFS : nosuid nodev noexec noatime nodiratime relatime nosymfollow "remount,bind". ( ) . mount(2) ( -o rbind,ro). mount_setattr(2) libmount util-linux v2.39 "recursive" ( -o rbind,ro=recursive). FILESYSTEM-INDEPENDENT MOUNT OPTIONS. util-linux 2.31 mount bind /etc/fstab ( -o remount ). . . mount "remount,bind" /etc/fstab. util-linux 2.39 mount . . -o bind,rw - . mount(2) VFS . ( ). : mount --move olddir newdir olddir newdir. . olddir . . findmnt -o TARGET,PROPAGATION . 2.6.15 (shared) (private) (slave) (unbindable). . . . . Documentation/filesystems/sharedsubtree.txt mount_namespaces(7). : mount --make-shared mountpoint mount --make-slave mountpoint mount --make-private mountpoint mount --make-unbindable mountpoint . mount --make-rshared mountpoint mount --make-rslave mountpoint mount --make-rprivate mountpoint mount --make-runbindable mountpoint mount fstab(5) --make-*. . mount(2) . util-linux 2.23 mount () mount(8) . mount(2) . . fstab(5) (private *slave* *shared* *unbindable* *rprivate* *rslave* *rshared* *runbindable*). : mount --make-private --make-unbindable /dev/sda1 /foo : mount /dev/sda1 /foo mount --make-private /foo mount --make-unbindable /foo mount fstab -o -r -w . mount /sbin/mount.suffix. mount EXTERNAL HELPERS. mount : -a --all ( ) fstab ( noauto). (init scripts). systemd mount -a systemd. fstab. mount ( btrfs) . mount --all. fstab . /proc ( ) /sys ( UUID= LABEL=). /proc /sys mount -a /proc /sys fstab. --all . (-t -O) . 2.35 -o fstab ( --options-mode). swap fstab mount -a. swapon -a . swapon(8). mount -a fstab . findmnt --verify. --beneath ( ) . . Btrfs XFS : mount -t btrfs /dev/sdA /mnt mount --beneath -t xfs /dev/sdB /mnt umount /mnt -B --bind ( ). Bind mount operation. -c --no-canonicalize . mount ( fstab). -f . mount -i. . X-mount.nocanonicalize. mount /sbin/mount.. --exclusive (superblock) . . . --onlyonce. --onlyonce --exclusive "onlyonce" /A /A /B . "exclusive" . -F --fork ( -a.) mount . NFS . NFS . . /usr /usr/spool. -f, --fake . --fake /etc/mtab . /etc/mtab 2.39 . --fake libmount . . --fake mount(8) . -i, --internal-only /sbin/mount.filesystem . -L --label () . -l --show-labels . mount ( set-user-ID root) . ext2 ext3 ext4 e2label(8) XFS xfs_admin(8) reiserfs reiserfstune(8). -M --move . . -m --mkdir[=] ( ) . "-o X-mount.mkdir[=mode]" 0755. X-mount.mkdir . --map-groups --map-users inner:_outer_:_count_ / X-mount.idmap. . X-mount.idmap . --map-users /proc/PID/ns/user id-mapped. "-o X-mount.idmap=/proc/PID/ns/user" inner:_outer_:_count_ . X-mount.idmap . -n --no-mtab /etc/mtab. /etc . -N --namespace ns ns. ns (PID) . mount /etc/fstab /etc/mtab: ( /run/mount) mount(2) . mount(2). mount_namespaces(7) . -O --test-opts opts -a. -t -O -a. mount -a -O no_netdev netdev /etc/fstab. -t no . -t -O mount -a -t ext2 -O _netdev ext2 _netdev ext2 _netdev . -o --options opts . opts . : mount LABEL=mydisk -o noatime,nodev,nosuid . fstab. FILESYSTEM-INDEPENDENT MOUNT OPTIONS FILESYSTEM-SPECIFIC MOUNT OPTIONS. --onlyonce mount . --all . ( tmpfs). --exclusive. --options-mode fstab/mtab . ignore append prepend replace. append fstab . prepend -- fstab. . --options-source source . source fstab *mtab* *disable*. disable fstab *mtab* --options-source-force. fstab,mtab. --options-source-force fstab/mtab . -R --rbind ( ). Bind mount operation. -r --ro --read-only . -o ro. . ext3 ext4 (journal) . ext3 ext4 ro,noload blockdev(8). -s . . . mount.nfs . --source mount ( ) (). . --target ( ) (). . --target-prefix . fstab : mount --all --target-prefix /chroot -o X-mount.mkdir fstab /chroot ( X-mount.mkdir). --fstab fstab . -T --fstab fstab . strverscmp(3) "." .fstab. . initramfs chroot . mount --fstab /sbin/mount. fstab . ( ) fstab . -t --types fstype -t . . /proc/filesystems /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/fs . ext2 ext3 ext4 xfs btrfs vfat sysfs proc nfs cifs. mount umount(8) . '.subtype'. 'fuse.sshfs'. ( 'sshfs#example.com' ). -t auto mount . mount libblkid(3) mount /etc/filesystems /proc/filesystems . "nodev" ( devpts proc nfs). /etc/filesystems * mount /proc/filesystems . silent. auto . /etc/filesystems ( vfat msdos ext3 ext2) . -t /etc/fstab. -t no . no /etc/fstab. no -a. mount -a -t nomsdos,smbfs msdos smbfs. mount mount(2) . ( nfs nfs4 cifs smbfs ncpfs) . nfs nfs4 cifs smbfs ncpfs . mount /sbin/mount. ( ) . smbmount /sbin/mount.smbfs . -U --uuid uuid uuid . -v --verbose . 2.41 (API) . -w --rw --read-write . mount mount(2) . -o rw. -w mount . -h --help . -V --version . /etc/fstab. . /proc/mounts. ( tune2fs -l extN). (VFS) . . . nosuid *noexec* *nodiratime* *relatime* *noatime* *strictatime* *nosymfollow* . VFS : findmnt -o TARGET,VFS-OPTIONS,FS-OPTIONS v2.39 libmount VFS . ( rbind). "recursive" : mount -orbind,ro=recursive,noexec=recursive,nosuid /foo /bar /foo /bar /bar noexec /bar "nosuid". "recursive" VFS . (ro rw) mount(8). . "-o bind,remount,ro" VFS "-o remount,ro" VFS . . 2.41 libmount vfs fs ( ro=fs) . : mount -o ro=vfs /dev/sdc1 /A /A . "-o bind,remount,ro" . . sync ext2 ext3 ext4 fat vfat ufs xfs. async / . ( sync.) atime noatime inode . relatime *strictatime*. noatime inode ( ). inode ( ) nodiratime. auto -a. noauto ( -a ). context=context fscontext=context defcontext=context rootcontext=context context= VFAT SELinux ext3 ext4 SELinux. context= . xattr 2.4.. xattrs . context="system_u:object_r:removable_t. fscontext= xattr. fscontext . . . xattrs . context fscontext . defcontext=. xattr. rootcontext= inode inode . . @target . . : context mount . . : mount -t tmpfs none /mnt -o \ 'context="system_u:object_r:tmp_t:s0:c127,c456",noexec' selinux(8). defaults : rw suid dev exec auto nouser async. . . dev . nodev . diratime inode . . ( noatime.) nodiratime inode . ( noatime.) dirsync . : creat(2) link(2) unlink(2) symlink(2) mkdir(2) rmdir(2) mknod(2) rename(2). exec . noexec . group . nosuid nodev ( group,dev,suid). iversion (inode) i_version. noiversion (inode) i_version. mand . fcntl(2). 5.15. nomand . _netdev ( ). nofail . relatime (inode) . . ( noatime mutt(1) .) 2.6.30 ( noatime) strictatime . 2.6.30 . norelatime relatime. strictatime. strictatime atime . relatime noatime . /proc/mounts. nostrictatime (inode). lazytime (atime mtime ctime) (inode). (inode table) . : o (inode) o fsync(2) syncfs(2) sync(2) o (inode) o 24 (inode) . nolazytime lazytime. suid set-user-ID set-group-ID . nosuid set-user-ID set-group-ID . SELinux nosuid_transition nnp_nosuid_transition. silent (silent flag). loud (silent flag). owner . nosuid nodev ( owner,dev,suid). remount . . . bind . Bind mount operation. VFS (nodev,nosuid,noexec,ro) . mount(8) fstab /proc/self/mountinfo. --options-mode. ( v2.39 mount_setattr(2)) mount -o remount,ro=recursive "reset-unspecified" / . mount fstab. mount fstab ( mtab) . mount -o remount,rw /dev/foo /dir fstab ( mtab) loop= mount. mount -o remount,rw /dir mount fstab (-o). fstab /proc/self/mountinfo. mount --all (-O -t). : mount --all -o remount,ro -t vfat vfat . mount -o remount,ro /dir. mount fstab mtab . ro[=(recursive|vfs|fs)] . mount(2). recursive VFS . vfs fs . fs ( ) vfs . . Read-only Setting Notes. rw[=(recursive|vfs|fs)] . sync / . ( ) sync . user . mtab ( libmount /run/mount mtab ) . noexec nosuid nodev ( user,exec,dev,suid). nouser . . users . noexec nosuid nodev ( users,exec,dev,suid). X-* "X-" . ( mtab) mount. mount(2). X-appname.option. x-* X-* . umount(8) . libmount ( ). util-linux v2.30 x-* libmount ( X-* ) ( initrd systemd ) fstab . X-mount.auto-fstypes= . . "auto" . mount ( -t ). "no". X-mount.auto-fstypes="ext4,btrfs" ext4 btrfs X-mount.auto-fstypes="novfat,xfs" vfat xfs. auto-fstypes . : mount -t auto -o'X-mount.auto-fstypes="noext2,ext3"' /dev/sdc1 /mnt/test X-mount.mkdir[=] ( ) . mkdir(2) . 0755. (root) mount suid. x-mount.mkdir v2.30. --mkdir. X-mount.nocanonicalize[=] . mount . . "source" "target" ( ). . ( LABEL= UUID=) fstab. --no-canonicalize open_tree(2) (bind-mount) . mount(8) (non-root) X-mount.nocanonicalize. X-mount.noloop (loop device) . X-mount.subdir= . . . . mount(2). ( unshare --mount) mount(8) . unshare --mount --propagation shared. . X-mount.owner=_|UID, X-mount.group=group|GID - . -N. X-mount.mode= (mode) - . X-mount.idmap=id-type:id-mount:id-host:id-range [id-type:id-mount:id-host:id-range], X-mount.idmap=file (idmapped mount). (ID-mapping) . . : o (ID-mapping) . id-type:id-mount:id-host:id-range. u id-type UID g GID id-type b UID GID. id-mount . id-host . id-range . . . /etc/fstab . \040. X-mount.idmap=0:0:1\040500:1000:1. X-mount.idmap=u:1000:0:1 g:1001:1:2 5000:1000:2 UID 0 UID 1000 GID 1 GUID 1001 GID 2 GID 1002 UID GID 1000 5000 UID GID 1001 5001 . . . o . . X-mount.idmap=/proc/PID/ns/user PID . nosymfollow . (readlink(1 *(readlink*(2 *(realpath*(1 *(realpath*(3 . . . . +----------------------+--------------------+ | | | |() | | | | | +----------------------+--------------------+ |btrfs | btrfs(5) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |cephfs | mount.ceph(8) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |cifs | mount.cifs(8) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |ext2, ext3, ext4 | ext4(5) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |fuse | fuse(8) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |nfs | nfs(5) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |tmpfs | tmpfs(5) | +----------------------+--------------------+ |xfs | xfs(5) | +----------------------+--------------------+ . . . -o. . Documentation/filesystems. adfs uid= gid= (: uid=gid=0). ownmask= othmask= '' '' ADFS (: 0700 0077 ). /usr/src/linux/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.rst. affs uid= gid= (: uid=gid=0 uid gid UID GID ). setuid= setgid= . mode= & 0777 . . . protect . usemp UID GID UID GID . ... verbose . prefix=_ . volume=_ ( 30 ) '/' . reserved= (: 2.) . root= . bs= . 512 1024 2048 4096. grpquota|noquota|quota|usrquota . ( "quota" /etc/fstab.) debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug. 3.4 debugfs : uid=n, gid=n . mode= . devpts devpts /dev/pts. /dev/ptmx /dev/pts/<>. uid= gid= . UID GID . tty GID 5 gid=5 tty. mode= . 0600. mode=620 gid=5 "mesg y" . newinstance devpts devpts . devpts newinstance ( ). devpts newinstance . (containers) . 2.6.29. CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES . /dev/ptmx pts/ptmx. Documentation/filesystems/devpts.txt . ptmxmode= ptmx devpts. devpts ( newinstance ) ptmx devpts ( /dev/pts/ptmx). ptmx 0000. ptmxmode= ptmx newinstance. 2.6.29. CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES . fat (: fat msdos umsdos vfat.) blocksize={512|1024|2048} ( 512). . uid= gid= . (: UID GID .) umask= umask ( ). umask . . dmask= umask . umask . . fmask= umask . umask . . allow_utime= mtime/atime. : 20 . 2 . dmask . ( utime(2). : ~dmask & 022.) utime(2) CAP_FOWNER. FAT UID/GID . . check= : r[elaxed] ( verylongname.foobar verylong.foo) ( ). n[ormal] "relaxed" (* ? < ). . s[trict] "normal" MS-DOS (+ = ). codepage= (codepage) FAT VFAT. 437 . conv= . cvf_format=module CVF ( ) cvf_module . kmod cvf_format=xxx CVF . . cvf_option= CVF. . debug (debug). ( ). discard discard/TRIM . SSD LUN . dos1xfloppy BIOS Parameter Block . DOS 1.x 160 kiB 180 kiB 320 kiB 360 kiB. errors={panic|continue|remount-ro} FAT : (panic) ( ). fat={12|16|32} (fat) 12 16 32 . FAT . ! iocharset= 8 (Unicode) 16 . iso8859-1. . nfs={stale_rw|nostale_ro} FAT NFS. stale_rw: () inodes nfs . (/) NFS NFS ESTALE . nostale_ro: inode FAT. ESTALE inode. . . -o nfs stale_rw. tz=UTC ( FAT) UTC ( ). ( ) UTC . time_offset= FAT UTC. minutes UTC . settimeofday(2) . (DST) - . quiet quiet. (chown) (chmod) . ! rodir FAT ATTR_RO ( ). ATTR_RO ( ). ATTR_RO . showexec .EXE .COM .BAT. . sys_immutable ATTR_SYS FAT IMMUTABLE . . flush . . usefree " " (free clusters) FSINFO. . Windows . " " FSINFO . dots nodots dotsOK=[yes|no] Unix DOS FAT. hfs creator=cccc, type=cccc / (creator/type) MacOS finder . : '????'. uid=n, gid=n . (: UID GID .) dir_umask=n, file_umask=n, umask=n umask . umask . session=n (CDROM) . . . part=n n . . . quiet . hpfs uid= gid= . (: UID GID .) umask= umask ( ). umask . . case={lower|asis} . (: case=lower.) conv= . nocheck . iso9660 ISO 9660 (CD-ROMs). ( DVD. udf.) iso9660 8.3 ( DOS ) . / . Rock Ridge iso9660 UNIX. Rock Ridge UNIX ( ). norock Rock Ridge . map. nojoliet Microsoft Joliet . map. check={r[elaxed]|s[trict]} check=relaxed . norock map=normal. (: check=strict.) uid= gid= Rock Ridge. (: uid=0,gid=0.) map={n[ormal]|o[ff]|a[corn]} Rock Ridge ASCII ';1' ';' '.'. map=off . norock. (: map=normal.) map=acorn map=normal Acorn . mode= Rock Ridge (mode) . (: .) . unhide . ( .) block={512|1024|2048} . (: block=1024). conv= . cruft . 16 . session=x 0. sbsector=xxx xxx. vfat Joliet Microsoft. iocharset= Unicode 16 8 . iso8859-1. utf8 Unicode 16 UTF-8. jfs iocharset= Unicode ASCII. . iocharset=utf8 UTF8. CONFIG_NLS_UTF8 .config . resize= . JFS . . resize . nointegrity (journal). . . integrity . . nointegrity . errors={continue|remount-ro|panic} . ( (panic) .) noquota|quota|usrquota|grpquota . msdos fat. msdos . . ncpfs nfs ncpfs (struct ncp_mount_data) mount(2). ncpmount(8) mount (2.12) ncpfs. ntfs3 ntfs3 - iocharset= Unicode . (CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT). : iocharset=utf8 uid=|gid=|umask= / NTFS. dmask=|fmask= umask fmask dmask . nohidden HIDDEN (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN) Windows . sys_immutable SYSTEM (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM) Windows . hide_dot_files HIDDEN (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN) Windows . HIDDEN . windows_names Windows ( " * / : < > ? \ | 0x20) ( ) (CON, AUX, NUL, PRN, LPT1-9, COM1-9) . . discard TRIM (SSD). force (dirty). . sparse (sparse). showmeta ( ) NTFS . . prealloc . . acl POSIX ACLs ( ). . NTFS ACLs. acl POSIX ACLs. overlay 3.18 overlay (union mount) . overlay - . . . overlayfs . trusted.* d_type readdir NFS . (overlay) . lowerdir upperdir : mount -t overlay overlay \ -olowerdir=/lower,upperdir=/upper,workdir=/work /merged lowerdir= . upperdir= (upperdir) . workdir= (workdir) (upperdir). userxattr xattr "user.overlay." "trusted.overlay.". overlayfs . redirect_dir={on|off|follow|nofollow} redirect_dir ( ). "{trusted|user}.overlay.redirect" overlay. . on . off "redirect_always_follow" . follow . nofollow ( "redirect_dir=off" "redirect_always_follow" ). index={on|off} Inode. "" . inode. uuid={on|off} UUID null UUID . UUID . lower/upper/work . nfs_export={on|off} NFS "nfs_export" overlay NFS. "nfs_export" copy_up (lower) . copy up. inode . "{trusted|user}.overlay.upper" inode . overlay o inode o copy_up o inode overlay o ( /) o UUID o inode "{trusted|user}.overlay.origin". overlay o UUID . o dentry . o . o whiteout ESTALE. overlay . o dentry overlay dentry inode . o dentry dentry overlay . dentry . copy_up dentry . overlay "" . "" "" . "" overlay . . overlay NFS ( "redirect_dir=nofollow"). overlay subtree_check exportfs NFS. NFS . . : index=off,nfs_export=on . xino={on|off|auto} "xino" st_ino fsid . "xino" inode fsid inode . inode xino overlay xino inode. metacopy={on|off} overlayfs ( ) chown/chmod. (WRITE). . volatile (volatile) . overlay . "volatile" (sync) . syncfs ( fsync) VFS. (writeback) upperdir . upperdir . overlay "volatile" "$workdir/work/incompat/volatile". overlay . upper work . upperdir "volatile". reiserfs Reiserfs (journaling). conv reiserfs 3.6 3.5 3.6 . reiserfs 3.5. hash={rupasov|tea|r5|detect} (hash) reiserfs . rupasov . . . tea Davis-Meyer Jeremy Fitzhardinge. . . EHASHCOLLISION r5. r5 rupasov. . detect mount reiserfs (superblock). . hashed_relocation . . no_unhashed_relocation . . noborder (border allocator) Yury Yu. Rupasov. . nolog (journaling). reiserfs . reiserfs . nolog . notail reiserfs ' ' . lilo(8). . replayonly . reiserfsck. resize= (online expansion) reiserfs. reiserfs . (LVM). resizer . user_xattr . attr(1). acl POSIX. acl(5). barrier=none / barrier=flush . barrier=none barrier=flush (). / reiserfs . . . ubifs UBIFS (flash) UBI. atime . ubiX_Y UBI X Y ubiY UBI 0 Y ubiX:NAME UBI X NAME ubi:NAME UBI 0 NAME ! :. : bulk_read . VFS . . . OneNAND " " NAND . no_bulk_read . . chk_data_crc CRC-32 . . no_chk_data_crc CRC-32 . CRC-32 . . CRC-32 . compr={none|lzo|zlib} . none. udf UDF " " OSTA DVD-ROM UDF/ISO-9660. . iso9660. uid= . uid=forget ( ) uid= UDF (uids) . 32 -1 UDF. "forget". gid= . gid=forget ( ) gid= UDF (gids) . 32 -1 UDF. "forget". umask= (inodes) . . mode= mode= . . dmode= dmode= dmode . . bs= . 2.6.30 2048. 2.6.30 4.11 2048. 4.11 4096. mkudffs(8) 2.0+ . unhide . undelete . adinicb (inode). () noadinicb . shortad UDF . longad UDF . () nostrict . iocharset= NLS. (compiled) CONFIG_UDF_NLS. utf8 UTF-8. novrs . session= . (= ) anchor= . (= 256) lastblock= . uid=ignore uid= . gid=ignore gid= . volume= . partition= . fileset= . rootdir= . ufs ufstype= UFS . . ufs . ufs . : old ufs . ( -r.) 44bsd BSD ( NetBSD FreeBSD OpenBSD). ufs2 FreeBSD 5.x . 5xbsd ufs2. sun SunOS Solaris Sparc. sunx86 Solaris x86. hp HP-UX . nextstep NeXTStep ( NeXT) ( ). nextstep-cd CDROM NextStep (block_size == 2048) . openstep OpenStep ( ). macOS . onerror= : panic (kernel panic). lock|umount|repair . umsdos msdos. dotsOK umsdos. vfat fat . dotsOK vfat. uni_xlate (Unicode) . . '' . {colon} vfat. u : '{colon}' (u & 0x3f) ((u>>6) & 0x3f) (u>>12). posix . . nonumtail name~num.ext. utf8 UTF8 8- . utf8=0 utf8=no utf8=false. uni_xlate UTF8. shortname= 8.3 . . (): lower . win95 . winnt . mixed . 2.6.32. usbfs devuid=uid devgid=gid devmode= usbfs (: uid=gid=0 mode=0644). . busuid=uid busgid=gid busmode= (bus) usbfs (: uid=gid=0 mode=0555). . listuid=uid listgid=gid listmode= (: uid=gid=0 mode=0444). . DM-VERITY verity device-mapper (crypto API) . dm-verity . libcryptsetup libmount ( dlopen(3)). libcryptsetup (root hash) . dm-verity: verity.hashdevice= dm-verity. verity.roothash=hex verity.hashdevice. verity.roothashfile. verity.roothashfile= verity.hashdevice. verity.roothash. verity.hashoffset= () (: 0) dm-verity . verity.fecdevice= (FEC) dm-verity. . CONFIG_DM_VERITY_FEC. verity.fecoffset= FEC () (: 0) dm-verity FEC. . verity.fecroots= FEC (: 2). . verity.roothashsig= pkcs7(1ssl) hash . ()crypt_activate_by_signed_key cryptsetup CONFIG_DM_VERITY_VERIFY_ROOTHASH_SIG. . . verity.oncorruption={ignore|restart|panic} . / . 4.1 libcrypsetup 2.3.4 . . util-linux v2.35. : mksquashfs /etc /tmp/etc.raw veritysetup format /tmp/etc.raw /tmp/etc.verity --root-hash-file=/tmp/etc.roothash openssl smime -sign -in /tmp/etc.roothash -nocerts -inkey private.key \ -signer private.crt -noattr -binary -outform der -out /tmp/etc.roothash.p7s mount -o verity.hashdevice=/tmp/etc.verity,verity.roothashfile=/tmp/etc.roothash,\ verity.roothashsig=/tmp/etc.roothash.p7s /tmp/etc.raw /mnt squashfs /etc hash verity /mnt. hash roothashsig. LOOP . mount /tmp/disk.img /mnt -t vfat -o loop=/dev/loop3 /dev/loop3 /tmp/disk.img /mnt. ( '-o loop' ) mount mount /tmp/disk.img /mnt -o loop mount libblkid : mount /tmp/disk.img /mnt mount -t ext4 /tmp/disk.img /mnt loop offset sizelimit losetup(8). ( ). 2.6.25 loop loop /etc/mtab. losetup -d umount -d. util-linux v2.29 mount . . mount ( OR): 0 1 2 ( loop) 4 8 16 /etc/mtab 32 64 mount -a 0 ( ) 32 ( ) 64 ( ). 126 /sbin/mount. ( util-linux v2.41) : /sbin/mount.suffix spec dir [-sfnv] [-N namespace] [-o options] [-t .subtype] suffix -sfnvoN . -t ( /sbin/mount.fuse -t fuse.sshfs). unbindable runbindable private rprivate slave rslave shared rshared auto noauto comment x-* loop offset sizelimit mount.. -o. (8). 126 execl(). LIBMOUNT_FORCE_MOUNT2={always|never|auto} mount(2) ( ). auto libmount mount(2) . libmount mount(2) LIBMOUNT_FORCE_MOUNT2 never. LIBMOUNT_FSTAB=<> fstab ( suid) LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all libmount LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all libblkid LOOPDEV_DEBUG=all " /etc/fstab /etc/mtab /proc/mounts" . /etc/fstab /run/mount libmount /etc/mtab /proc/mounts /etc/mtab~ ( mtab ) /etc/mtab.tmp ( mtab ) /etc/filesystems mount 5 AT&T UNIX. . -o sync -o dirsync ( ext2 ext3 ext4 fat vfat ( BSD) sync). -o remount ( ext2fs sb gid umask fatfs). /etc/mtab /proc/mounts mtab . mount ( NFS -- mount NFS /proc/mount ). mtab /proc/mounts. NFS ( fcntl ioctl) noac. loop offset sizelimit mount . losetup(8) mount . Karel Zak mount(2) umount(2) filesystems(5) fstab(5) nfs(5) xfs(5) mount_namespaces(7) xattr(7) e2label(8) findmnt(8) losetup(8), lsblk(8) mke2fs(8) mountd(8) nfsd(8) swapon(8) tune2fs(8), umount(8) xfs_admin(8) . mount util-linux . util-linux 2.42.1 2026-05-18 MOUNT(8)