LS(1) LS(1) ls - list directory contents ls []... []... ( ). -cftuvSUX --sort. . -a, --all (.) -A, --almost-all . .. --author -l, -b, --escape - --block-size= -l, ; .., --block-size=M; -B, --ignore-backups ~ -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last change of file status information); with -l: show ctime and sort by name; otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first -C --color[=] color the output WHEN; more info below -d, --directory , -D, --dired -f list all entries in directory order -F, --classify[=WHEN] append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries WHEN --file-type , * --format= -x, -m, -x, -l, -1, -l, -C --full-time -l --time-style=full-iso -g -l, --group-directories-first group directories before files; can be augmented with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping -G, --no-group , -h, --human-readable -l -s, 1K 234M 2G . --si , 1000 1024 -H, --dereference-command-line --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory --hide= ( -a -A) --hyperlink[=] hyperlink file names WHEN --indicator-style= : (), (-p), (--file-type), (-F) -i, --inode -I, --ignore= -k, --kibibytes default to 1024-byte blocks for file system usage; used only with -s and per directory totals -l -L, --dereference , -m -n, --numeric-uid-gid -l, - -N, --literal -o -l, -p, --indicator-style= / -q, --hide-control-chars ? --show-control-chars (, ls ) -Q, --quote-name --quoting-style= : literal, locale, shell, shell-always, shell-escape, shell-escape-always, c, escape ( ,,_") -r, --reverse -R, --recursive -s, --size , -S , --sort= sort by WORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S), time (-t), version (-v), extension (-X), width --time= select which timestamp used to display or sort; access time (-u): atime, access, use; metadata change time (-c): ctime, status; modified time (default): mtime, modification; birth time: birth, creation; -l, ; --sort=, ( ) --time-style=_ / -l; ,,_" -t , ; --time -T, --tabsize= 8 -u -lt: , , ; -l: ; : , -U ; -v () -w, --width= . . 0 -x -X -Z, --context --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline -1 list one file per line --help --version (: 10K 10*1024). K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y,R,Q ( 1024) KB,MB,... ( 1000). , : KiB=K, MiB=M, . The TIME_STYLE argument can be full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like in date(1). If FORMAT is FORMAT1FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files. TIME_STYLE prefixed with 'posix-' takes effect only outside the POSIX locale. Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use. The WHEN argument defaults to 'always' and can also be 'auto' or 'never'. Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors(1) command to set it. : 0 , 1 (., ), 2 (., ). . . coreutils: Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 3+: 3 . : . , . dircolors(1) ,,info '(coreutils) ls invocation'" ; 3 . . , - TODO <>. coreutils 9.4 2024 LS(1)