.\" $OpenBSD: EC_KEY_new.3,v 1.19 2024/02/16 06:09:36 tb Exp $
.\" full merge up to: OpenSSL 3aef36ff Jan 5 13:06:03 2016 -0500
.\" partial merge up to: OpenSSL e9b77246 Jan 20 19:58:49 2017 +0100
.\"
.\" This file was written by Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>.
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.Dd $Mdocdate: February 16 2024 $
.Dt EC_KEY_NEW 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm EC_KEY_new ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get_flags ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_flags ,
.Nm EC_KEY_clear_flags ,
.Nm EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name ,
.Nm EC_KEY_free ,
.Nm EC_KEY_copy ,
.Nm EC_KEY_dup ,
.Nm EC_KEY_up_ref ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get0_group ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_group ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get0_private_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_private_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get0_public_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_public_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get_enc_flags ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_enc_flags ,
.Nm EC_KEY_get_conv_form ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_conv_form ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag ,
.Nm EC_KEY_precompute_mult ,
.Nm EC_KEY_generate_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_check_key ,
.Nm EC_KEY_set_public_key_affine_coordinates ,
.Nm EC_KEY_print ,
.Nm EC_KEY_print_fp
.Nd create, destroy and manipulate EC_KEY objects
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In openssl/ec.h
.In openssl/bn.h
.Ft EC_KEY *
.Fn EC_KEY_new void
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_get_flags
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_set_flags
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "int flags"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_clear_flags
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "int flags"
.Fc
.Ft EC_KEY *
.Fo EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name
.Fa "int nid"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_free
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft EC_KEY *
.Fo EC_KEY_copy
.Fa "EC_KEY *dst"
.Fa "const EC_KEY *src"
.Fc
.Ft EC_KEY *
.Fo EC_KEY_dup
.Fa "const EC_KEY *src"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_up_ref
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft const EC_GROUP *
.Fo EC_KEY_get0_group
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_set_group
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "const EC_GROUP *group"
.Fc
.Ft const BIGNUM *
.Fo EC_KEY_get0_private_key
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_set_private_key
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "const BIGNUM *prv"
.Fc
.Ft const EC_POINT *
.Fo EC_KEY_get0_public_key
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_set_public_key
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "const EC_POINT *pub"
.Fc
.Ft unsigned int
.Fo EC_KEY_get_enc_flags
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_set_enc_flags
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "unsigned int flags"
.Fc
.Ft point_conversion_form_t
.Fo EC_KEY_get_conv_form
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_set_conv_form
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "point_conversion_form_t cform"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "int asn1_flag"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_precompute_mult
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "BN_CTX *ctx"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_generate_key
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_check_key
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_set_public_key_affine_coordinates
.Fa "EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "BIGNUM *x"
.Fa "BIGNUM *y"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_print
.Fa "BIO *bp"
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "int off"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fo EC_KEY_print_fp
.Fa "FILE *fp"
.Fa "const EC_KEY *key"
.Fa "int off"
.Fc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
An
.Vt EC_KEY
represents a public key and (optionally) an associated private key.
The public key is a point on a curve represented by an
.Vt EC_POINT ,
see
.Xr EC_POINT_new 3 .
The private key is simply a
.Vt BIGNUM ,
see
.Xr BN_new 3 .
.Pp
A new
.Vt EC_KEY
(with no associated curve) can be constructed by calling
.Fn EC_KEY_new .
The reference count for the newly created
.Vt EC_KEY
is initially set to 1.
A curve can be associated with the
.Vt EC_KEY
by calling
.Fn EC_KEY_set_group .
.Pp
Alternatively a new
.Vt EC_KEY
can be constructed by calling
.Fn EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name
and supplying the
.Fa nid
of the associated curve.
Refer to
.Xr EC_GROUP_new 3
for a description of curve names.
This function simply wraps calls to
.Fn EC_KEY_new
and
.Fn EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name .
.Pp
Calling
.Fn EC_KEY_free
decrements the reference count for the
.Vt EC_KEY
object and, if it has dropped to zero, then frees the memory associated
with it.
If
.Fa key
is a
.Dv NULL
pointer, no action occurs.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_copy
copies the contents of the
.Vt EC_KEY
in
.Fa src
into
.Fa dst .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_dup
creates a new
.Vt EC_KEY
object and copies
.Fa src
into it.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_up_ref
increments the reference count associated with the
.Vt EC_KEY
object.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_generate_key
generates a new public and private key for the supplied
.Fa key
object.
.Fa key
must have an
.Vt EC_GROUP
object associated with it before calling this function.
The private key is a random integer (0 < priv_key < order, where order
is the order of the
.Vt EC_GROUP
object).
The public key is an
.Vt EC_POINT
on the curve calculated by multiplying the generator for the curve
by the private key.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_check_key
performs various sanity checks on the
.Vt EC_KEY
object to confirm that it is valid.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key_affine_coordinates
sets the public key for
.Fa key
based on its affine coordinates, i.e. it constructs an
.Vt EC_POINT
object based on the supplied
.Fa x
and
.Fa y
values and sets the public key to be this
.Vt EC_POINT .
It also performs certain sanity checks on the key to confirm that
it is valid.
.Pp
The functions
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_group ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_group ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_private_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_private_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_public_key ,
and
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key
get and set the
.Vt EC_GROUP
object, the private key and the
.Vt EC_POINT
public key for the
.Fa key ,
respectively.
The setters copy the group and key objects without sanity checks
and it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that
the resulting key is valid, for example using
.Fn EC_KEY_check_key .
.Pp
The functions
.Fn EC_KEY_get_enc_flags
and
.Fn EC_KEY_set_enc_flags
get and set the value of the encoding flags for the
.Fa key .
There are two encoding flags currently defined:
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PARAMETERS
and
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PUBKEY .
These flags define the behaviour of how the
.Fa key
is converted into ASN.1 in a call to
.Fn i2d_ECPrivateKey .
If
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PARAMETERS
is set then the public parameters for the curve
are not encoded along with the private key.
If
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PUBKEY
is set then the public key is not encoded along with the private
key.
.Pp
The format of the external representation of the public key written by
.Xr i2d_ECPrivateKey 3 ,
such as whether it is stored in a compressed form or not,
is described by the point_conversion_form.
See
.Xr EC_GROUP_copy 3
for a description of point_conversion_form.
.Pp
When reading a private key encoded without an associated public key,
for example if
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PUBKEY
was used,
.Xr d2i_ECPrivateKey 3
generates the missing public key automatically.
Private keys encoded without parameters, for example if
.Dv EC_PKEY_NO_PARAMETERS
was used, cannot be loaded using
.Xr d2i_ECPrivateKey 3 .
.Pp
The functions
.Fn EC_KEY_get_conv_form
and
.Fn EC_KEY_set_conv_form
get and set the point_conversion_form for the
.Fa key .
For a description of point_conversion_form please refer to
.Xr EC_GROUP_copy 3 .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_set_flags
sets the flags in the
.Fa flags
parameter on the
.Vt EC_KEY
object.
Any flags that are already set are left set.
The currently defined standard flags are
.Dv EC_FLAG_NON_FIPS_ALLOW
and
.Dv EC_FLAG_FIPS_CHECKED .
In addition there is the ECDH-specific flag
.Dv EC_FLAG_COFACTOR_ECDH .
.Fn EC_KEY_get_flags
returns the current flags that are set for this
.Vt EC_KEY .
.Fn EC_KEY_clear_flags
clears the flags indicated by the
.Fa flags
parameter.
All other flags are left in their existing state.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag
sets the asn1_flag on the underlying
.Vt EC_GROUP
object (if set).
Refer to
.Xr EC_GROUP_copy 3
for further information on the asn1_flag.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_precompute_mult
stores multiples of the underlying
.Vt EC_GROUP
generator for faster point multiplication.
See also
.Xr EC_POINT_add 3 .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_print
and
.Fn EC_KEY_print_fp
print out the content of
.Fa key
to the
.Vt BIO
.Fa bp
or to the
.Vt FILE
pointer
.Fa fp ,
respectively.
Each line is indented by
.Fa indent
spaces.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
.Fn EC_KEY_new ,
.Fn EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name ,
and
.Fn EC_KEY_dup
return a pointer to the newly created
.Vt EC_KEY object
or
.Dv NULL
on error.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get_flags
returns the flags associated with the
.Vt EC_KEY object .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_copy
returns a pointer to the destination key or
.Dv NULL
on error.
In the latter case, part of the content may already have been copied.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_up_ref ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_group ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_private_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_precompute_mult ,
.Fn EC_KEY_generate_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_check_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key_affine_coordinates ,
.Fn EC_KEY_print ,
and
.Fn EC_KEY_print_fp
return 1 on success or 0 on error.
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_group
returns the
.Vt EC_GROUP
associated with the
.Vt EC_KEY .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_private_key
and
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_public_key
return the private or public keys, respectively, associated with the
.Vt EC_KEY .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get_enc_flags
returns the value of the current encoding flags for the
.Vt EC_KEY .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get_conv_form
returns the point_conversion_form for the
.Vt EC_KEY .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr d2i_ECPKParameters 3 ,
.Xr EC_GFp_simple_method 3 ,
.Xr EC_GROUP_copy 3 ,
.Xr EC_GROUP_new 3 ,
.Xr EC_KEY_METHOD_new 3 ,
.Xr EC_POINT_add 3 ,
.Xr EC_POINT_new 3 ,
.Xr ECDH_compute_key 3 ,
.Xr ECDSA_SIG_new 3 ,
.Xr EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY 3
.Sh HISTORY
.Fn EC_KEY_new ,
.Fn EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name ,
.Fn EC_KEY_free ,
.Fn EC_KEY_copy ,
.Fn EC_KEY_dup ,
.Fn EC_KEY_up_ref ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_group ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_group ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_private_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_private_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get0_public_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get_enc_flags ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_enc_flags ,
.Fn EC_KEY_get_conv_form ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_conv_form ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag ,
.Fn EC_KEY_precompute_mult ,
.Fn EC_KEY_generate_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_check_key ,
.Fn EC_KEY_print ,
and
.Fn EC_KEY_print_fp
first appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.8 and have been available since
.Ox 4.5 .
.Pp
.Fn EC_KEY_get_flags ,
.Fn EC_KEY_set_flags ,
.Fn EC_KEY_clear_flags ,
and
.Fn EC_KEY_set_public_key_affine_coordinates
first appeared in OpenSSL 1.0.1 and have been available since
.Ox 5.3 .