LAST(1) LAST(1) last, lastb - , last [] [...] [tty...] lastb [] [...] [tty...] last /var/log/wtmp ( , -f) , ( ) . _ / tty, last , . tty , last 0 , last tty0. SIGINT ( , , Ctrl-C) SIGQUIT last , ; SIGINT last . reboot , . , last reboot . lastb , last, , , /var/log/btmp, . -a, --hostlast . --dns. -d, --dns Linux , IP-. , IP- . -f, --file last /var/log/wtmp. --file - . -F, --fulltimes . -i, --ip --dns, IP- , . -; -n, --limit last, . -p, --present , . , --since --until , . -R, --nohostname . -s, --since . , , , . --until. -t, --until . -T, --tab-separated Use ASCII tab characters to separate the columns in the output instead of spaces. --time-format . : notime, short, full iso. notime , , short ( ) - , full ( ) , --fulltimes. iso ISO-8601. ISO , . -w, --fullnames Display full user names and domain names / IP addresses in the output. Domain names and IP addresses are truncated to 16 characters, and user names are truncated to 8 characters when this flag is not specified. An asterisk is set as the last character of truncated fields. -x, --system . -h, --help . -V, --version . , , : +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ | | | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |-- | | |:: | | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |-- : | ( | | | | | | | | | 00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |-- | ( | | | | | | | | | 00:00:00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |:: | ( | | | | | | | | | ) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |: | ( | | | | | | | | | , | | | | | | 00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |now | | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |yesterday | ( | | | | | | | | | 00:00:00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |today | ( | | | | | | | | | 00:00:00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |tomorrow | ( | | | | | | | | | 00:00:00) | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |+5min | | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ |-5days | | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+ /var/log/wtmp, /var/log/btmp , wtmp btmp , . . , touch(1) (, touch /var/log/wtmp) wtmp. , , -, . The utmp file format uses fixed sizes of strings, which means that very long strings are impossible to store in the file and impossible to display by last. The usual limits are 32 bytes for a user and line name and 256 bytes for a hostname. Miquel van Smoorenburg login(1), wtmp(5), init(8), shutdown(8) last util-linux, Linux . util-linux 2.41 2025-03-29 LAST(1)