JOURNALCTL(1) journalctl JOURNALCTL(1) NAME journalctl - systemd SYNOPSIS journalctl [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...] journalctl systemd(1) ( systemd- journald.service(8) ) () [MATCHES...] [MATCHES...] MATCHE "FIELD=VALUE" ( "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=httpd.service" ) systemd.journal-fields(7) [MATCHES...] "AND" [MATCHES...] "OR" "+" [MATCHES...] "OR" MATCHE1 MATCHE2 + MATCHE3 MATCHE4 MATCHE5 + MATCHE6 MATCHE7 ( MATCHE1 MATCHE2 ) OR ( MATCHE3 MATCHE4 MATCHE5 ) OR ( MATCHE6 MATCHE7 ) "_EXE=" () "_COMM=" () "_KERNEL_DEVICE=" () --boot, --unit= ("AND") --user, --system, --directory, --file root "systemd-journal", "adm", "wheel" () "adm" "wheel" "wheel" less --no-pager "" tty ERROR NOTICE --no-full, --full, -l (...) () -l/--full --no-full -a, --all -f, --follow -n -e, --pager-end -n1000 -n less(1) -n, --lines= --pager-end --follow "all" 10 --no-tail --lines= ( -f ) -r, --reverse -o, --output= short syslog[1] short-iso short ISO 8601 short-precise short short-monotonic short short-unix short "UNIX"(1970-1-1 00:00:00 UTC) verbose export () ( Journal Export Format[2] ) json JSON ( Journal JSON Format[3] ) json-pretty JSON json-sse JSON Server-Sent Events[4] cat () --utc (UTC) --no-hostname short () -x, --catalog Message Catalog Developer Documentation[5] bug -q, --quiet "-- Logs begin at ...", "-- Reboot --" -m, --merge -b [ID][+-offset], --boot=[ID][+-offset] "_BOOT_ID=" ( ID +-offset ) ID +-offset () "-b 1" "-b 2" "-b -0" "-b -1" +-offset "-b -0" ( --directory ) 32 ID ID (+-offset) ID (+-offset) --list-boots ()32ID -k, --dmesg -b "_TRANSPORT=kernel" -t, --identifier=SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER syslog[1] SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER -u, --unit=UNIT|PATTERN UNIT PATTERN "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=UNIT" ( UNIT ) ( PATTERN ) ("OR") --user-unit= "_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT=" "_UID=" ("OR") -p, --priority= () ( syslog(3)) "emerg" (0), "alert" (1), "crit" (2), "err" (3), "warning" (4), "notice" (5), "info" (6), "debug" (7) () FROM..TO.. () "PRIORITY=" -c, --cursor= (cursor) []"__CURSOR" --after-cursor= (cursor) --show-cursor --show-cursor "--" -- cursor: s=0639... () -S, --since=, -U, --until= (--since=)(--until=) "2012-10-30 18:17:16" "::" "00:00:00" "" ":00" "--" "-- ::" (1) "yesterday", "today", "tomorrow" (00:00:00) (2) "now" (3)"-- ::" "-"() "+"() systemd.time(7) -F, --field= []SQL"SELECT DISTINCT FROM " -N, --fields --system, --user (--system) (--user) -M, --machine= -D DIR, --directory=DIR --file=GLOB GLOB "?""*" GLOB ("OR") --root=ROOT ROOT --update-catalog ROOT/var/lib/systemd/catalog/database --new-id128 128-bit ID --header () --disk-usage () --vacuum-size=, --vacuum-time=, --vacuum-files= () --vacuum-size= ( "K", "M", "G", "T" ) --vacuum-time= ( "s", "m", "h", "days", "weeks", "months", "years" ) --vacuum-files= --vacuum-size= --disk-usage --disk-usage --vacuum-files= --list-catalog [128-bit-ID...] ID(128-bit-ID) --dump-catalog [128-bit-ID...] ( .catalog ) ID(128-bit-ID) --update-catalog --setup-keys FSS(Forward Secure Sealing) "sealing key""verification key" "sealing key" "verification key" journald.conf(5) Seal= --force --setup-keys FSS(Forward Secure Sealing) --interval= --setup-keys "sealing key" CPU 15min --verify FSS --verify-key= FSS"verification key" --verify-key= --verify FSS"verification key" --sync --flush /run/log/journal /var/log/journal () --rotate -h, --help --version --no-pager (pipe) 0 $SYSTEMD_PAGER --no-pager $PAGER "cat" --no-pager $SYSTEMD_LESS less ("FRSXMK") journalctl journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _PID=28097 journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.service "+" "OR" journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _PID=28097 + _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.service D-Bus journalctl /usr/bin/dbus-daemon journalctl -k -b -1 apache.service journalctl -f -u apache systemd(1), systemd-journald.service(8), systemctl(1), coredumpctl(1), systemd.journal-fields(7), journald.conf(5), systemd.time(7) NOTES 1. syslog //linux/sysklogd.html 2. Journal Export Format http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export 3. Journal JSON Format http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json 4. Server-Sent Events https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Server- sent_events/Using_server-sent_events 5. Message Catalog Developer Documentation http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog man http://www.jinbuguo.com man https://github.com/man-pages-zh/manpages- zh systemd 231 JOURNALCTL(1)