HXNORMALIZE(1)                  HTML-XML-utils                  HXNORMALIZE(1)

NAME
       hxnormalize - pretty-print an HTML file

SYNOPSIS
       hxnormalize [ -x ] [ -X ] [ -e ] [ -d ] [ -s ] [ -L ] [ -i indent ] [
       -l line-length ] [ -c commentmagic ] [ file-or-URL ]

DESCRIPTION
       The hxnormalize command pretty-prints an HTML or XML file, and also
       tries to fix small HTML errors. The output is the same file, but with a
       maximum line length and with optional indentation to indicate the
       nesting level of each line.

OPTIONS
       The following options are supported:

       -x        Applies XML conventions: empty elements are written with a
                 slash at the end (e.g., <IMG />) and, if the input is HTML,
                 any `<' and `&' inside <style> and <script> elements are
                 escaped as `&lt;' and `&amp;'. (The input is assumed to be
                 HTML unless the -X option is present.) Implies -e.

       -e        Always inserts endtags, even if HTML does not require them
                 (for example: </p> and </li>).

       -X        Makes hxnormalize assume the input is well-formed XML. It
                 does not try to infer omitted HTML tags, does not assume
                 elements such as <img> and <br> are empty, and does not treat
                 `<' and `&' inside <style> and <script> as normal characters.

       -d        Omit the DOCTYPE from the output.

       -i indent Set the number of spaces to indent each nesting level.
                 Default is 2.  Not all elements cause an indent. In general,
                 elements that can occur in a block environment are started on
                 a new line and cause an indent, but inline elements, such as
                 EM and SPAN do not cause an indent.

       -l line-length
                 Sets the maximum length of lines.  hxnormalize will wrap
                 lines so that all lines are as long as possible, but no
                 longer than this length. Default is 72. Words that are longer
                 than the line length will not be broken, and will extend past
                 this length. A `word' is a sequence of characters delimited
                 by white space.) The content of the STYLE, SCRIPT and PRE
                 elements will not be line-wrapped.

       -s        Omit <span> tags that don't have any attributes.

       -L        Remove redundant `lang' and `xml:lang' attributes. (I.e.,
                 those whose value is the same as the language inherited from
                 the parent element.)

       -c commentmagic
                 Comments are normally placed right after the preceding text.
                 That is usually correct for short comments, but some comments
                 are meant to be on a separate line.  commentmagic is a string
                 and when that string occurs inside a comment, hxnormalize
                 will output an empty line before that comment. E.g. -c "===="
                 can be used to put all comments that contain `====' on a
                 separate line, preceded by an empty line. By default, no
                 comments are treated that way.

OPERANDS
       The following operand is supported:

       file-or-URL
                 The name or URL of an HTML file. If absent, standard input is
                 read instead.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

       0         Successful completion.

       > 0       An error occurred in the parsing of the HTML file.
                 hxnormalize will try to correct the error and produce output
                 anyway.

ENVIRONMENT
       To use a proxy to retrieve remote files, set the environment variables
       http_proxy and ftp_proxy.  E.g., http_proxy="http://localhost:8080/"

BUGS
       The error recovery for incorrect HTML is primitive.

       hxnormalize will not omit an endtag if the white space after it could
       possibly be significant. E.g., it will not remove the first </p> from
       `<div><p>text</p> <p>text</p></div>'.

       hxnormalize can currently only retrieve remote files over HTTP. It
       doesn't handle password-protected files, nor files whose content
       depends on HTTP `cookies.'

       When converting from XML to HTML (option -X without option -x), any
       pairs of <![CDATA[ and `]]>' are removed and character entities &lt;
       &gt; &quot; &apos; and &amp; are expanded (to `<', `>', `"', `'' and
       `&', respectively), but any other character entities are not expanded.
       To expand other character entities, pipe the input through hxunent(1)
       first.

       To limit lines to a given number of characters, hxnormalize breaks
       lines at spaces (or inside tags). Some writing systems do not use
       spaces between words and thus hxnormalize may not be able to break
       lines, except at already existing line breaks.

       To make short lines longer, hxnormalize will combine lines and replace
       a line break by a space, except in writing systems that do not put
       spaces between words, where the line break is replaced by nothing.
       hxnormalize currently only does the latter for Japanese, Chinese,
       Korean, Khmer and Thai. (The text must be correctly marked up with
       `lang' or `xml:lang'.)

SEE ALSO
       asc2xml(1), xml2asc(1), hxunent(1), UTF-8 (RFC 2279)

7.x                               10 Jul 2011                   HXNORMALIZE(1)