hier(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual hier(7) hier - Linux , , : / . . /bin , , . /boot . , . /sbin /etc. (, initrd) / /boot. /dev , . . mknod(1). /etc . , X11, /etc. , /usr/etc. , /etc, /usr/etc. /etc/opt , /opt. /etc/sgml SGML (). /etc/skel , , . /etc/X11 X11 (). /etc/xml XML (). /home , . (). /lib , , . /lib<> /lib , , (). /lib/modules (). /lost+found . , . /media , CD DVD USB. , , , <<0>>, . /media/floppy[1-9] (). /media/cdrom[1-9] CD-ROM (). /media/cdrecorder[1-9] CD (). /media/zip[1-9] Zip (). /media/usb[1-9] USB (). /mnt . /mnt , . /opt . /proc proc, . , proc(5). /root root (). /run This directory contains information which describes the system since it was booted. Once this purpose was served by /var/run and programs may continue to use it. /sbin /bin, , , , , . /srv , . /sys sysfs, ; /proc, , kobject. /tmp , , , . /usr . , , , Linux. /usr/X11R6 The X-Window system, version 11 release 6 (present in FHS 2.3, removed in FHS 3.0). /usr/X11R6/bin , X-Window. -- /usr/bin/X11. /usr/X11R6/lib , X-Window. /usr/X11R6/lib/X11 , X. /usr/lib/X11 . /usr/X11R6/include/X11 , X11. /usr/include/X11. /usr/bin . , , , . /usr/bin/mh MH (). /usr/bin/X11 This is the traditional place to look for X11 executables; on Linux, it usually is a symbolic link to /usr/X11R6/bin. /usr/dict /usr/share/dict. /usr/doc /usr/share/doc. /usr/etc , . , /etc. /etc /usr/etc. /usr/games (). /usr/include C. /usr/include/bsd BSD (). /usr/include/X11 C X-Window. , /usr/X11R6/include/X11. /usr/include/asm , . /usr/src/linux/include/asm. /usr/include/linux , . /usr/src/linux/include/linux , . (, , libc . , Linux libc. , , /usr/include/asm /usr/include/linux . Debian , , . libc*-dev.) /usr/include/g++ , GNU C++. /usr/lib , , , . . /usr/libexec Directory contains binaries for internal use only and they are not meant to be executed directly by users shell or scripts. /usr/lib<> These directories are variants of /usr/lib on system which support more than one binary format requiring separate libraries, except that the symbolic link /usr/libqual/X11 is not required (optional). /usr/lib/X11 , X, X. Linux /usr/X11R6/lib/X11. /usr/lib/gcc-lib GNU C, gcc(1). /usr/lib/groff GNU groff. /usr/lib/uucp uucp(1). /usr/local , . /usr/local/bin , . /usr/local/doc . /usr/local/etc . /usr/local/games . /usr/local/lib , . /usr/local/lib<> /usr/local/lib , , (). /usr/local/include C, . /usr/local/info info, . /usr/local/man , . /usr/local/sbin . /usr/local/share , . /usr/local/src . /usr/man /usr/share/man. /usr/sbin , , /usr . /usr/share , . , /usr/doc, /usr/lib /usr/man. /usr/share/color Contains color management information, like International Color Consortium (ICC) Color profiles (optional). /usr/share/dict (). /usr/share/dict/words (). /usr/share/doc (). /usr/share/games /usr/games (). /usr/share/info info (). /usr/share/locale (). /usr/share/man . /usr/share/man/locale/man[1-9] . , , <>. /usr/share/misc , . /usr/share/nls (). /usr/share/ppd Postscript Printer Definition (PPD) files (optional). /usr/share/sgml SGML (). /usr/share/sgml/docbook DocBook DTD (). /usr/share/sgml/tei TEI DTD (). /usr/share/sgml/html HTML DTD (). /usr/share/sgml/mathml MathML DTD (). /usr/share/terminfo terminfo (). /usr/share/tmac troff, groff (). /usr/share/xml XML (). /usr/share/xml/docbook DocBook DTD (). /usr/share/xml/xhtml XHTML DTD (). /usr/share/xml/mathml MathML DTD (). /usr/share/zoneinfo (). /usr/src , . , /usr , (). /usr/src/linux . . . /usr/tmp . /var/tmp. , . /var , , , . /var/account (). /var/adm /var/log /var/log. /var/backups . /var/cache . /var/cache/fonts Locally generated fonts (optional). /var/cache/man Locally formatted man pages (optional). /var/cache/www WWW (). /var/cache/<> (). /var/catman/cat[1-9] /var/cache/man/cat[1-9] ( ). /var/crash (). /var/cron . /var/games (). /var/lib . /var/lib/color Variable files containing color management information (optional). /var/lib/hwclock hwclock (). /var/lib/misc . /var/lib/xdm X (). /var/lib/ (). /var/lib/<> . /var/lib/<> (). /var/lib/ (). /var/local /usr/local. /var/lock . , , : LCK..<>, -- . HDU UUCP, PID 10- ASCII; . /var/log . /var/opt /opt. /var/mail . /var/spool/mail. /var/msgs . /var/preserve . /var/run , . (PID) utmp. . /var/spool , . /var/spool/at at(1). /var/spool/cron cron(8). /var/spool/lpd , (). /var/spool/lpd/printer (). /var/spool/mail /var/mail. /var/spool/mqueue (). /var/spool/news (). /var/spool/rwho rwhod(8) (). /var/spool/smail smail(1). /var/spool/uucp uucp(1) (). /var/tmp /tmp, , . /var/yp NIS, Sun Yellow Pages (YP). The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), Version 3.0 , published March 19, 2015 This list is not exhaustive; different distributions and systems may be configured differently. . find(1), ln(1), proc(5), file-hierarchy(7), mount(8) Yuri Kozlov ; GNU 3 , . . , , . Linux man-pages 6.06 31 2023 . hier(7)