GZIP(1) General Commands Manual GZIP(1) gzip, gunzip, zcat -- gzip [ -acdfhklLnNrtvV19 ] [-S ] [ ... ] gunzip [ -acfhklLnNrtvV ] [-S ] [ ... ] zcat [ -fhLV ] [ ... ] gzip , -- (LZ77). .gz, , ( MSDOS, OS/2 FAT, Windows NT FAT Atari z). <<->>, . gzip . , . , , gzip . gzip 3 ( ). , . , 14 , gzip.msdos.exe gzi.msd.exe.gz. , . gzip . -N. , . gzip -d, gunzip zcat. , , , , . gunzip , .gz, -gz, .z, -z _z ( ), , . gunzip .tgz .taz .tar.gz .tar.Z . gzip .tgz .tar. gunzip , gzip, zip, compress, compress -H pack. . gunzip 32- CRC. pack gunzip . compress , gunzip .Z. .Z , , , uncompress . , uncompress . compress -H SCO ( lzh) CRC, . , zip, gzip , , <>. tar.zip tar.gz. zip- , , <> <>. zip- , unzip gunzip. zcat gunzip -c ( zcat gzcat, compress). zcat , , , . zcat .gz , . gzip -- , zip PKZIP. . , , , 60-70%. LZW ( compress), ( pack) (compact). , . gzip 5 32 0,015% . . gzip . gzip . -a --ascii ASCII: , . , Unix. MSDOS CR LF ( ) LF , LF CR LF . -c --stdout --to-stdout . , , . , . -d --decompress --uncompress . -f --force , , . , gzip, --stdout, , zcat cat. -f gzip , . -h --help . -k --keep ( ) . -l --list : compressed: uncompressed: ratio: (0.0%, ) uncompressed_name: -1 , gzip, .Z. , : zcat file.Z | wc -c --verbose : method: crc: 32- CRC date time: deflate, compress, lzh (SCO compress -H) pack. crc ffffffff , gzip. --name, , , , . --verbose, , , . --quiet, . -L --license gzip . -n --no-name ( , ). ( gzip ) ( ), . . -N --name , , 1 (1970-01-01 00:00:01 UTC) 2**32 (2106-02-07 06:28:16 UTC ); . . , , . -q --quiet . -r --recursive . - , , , gzip ( gunzip -- ) . -S . --suffix . When compressing, use suffix .suf instead of .gz. Although any non-empty suffix can be given so long as it does not contain "/", suffixes other than .z and .gz should be avoided to avoid confusion when files are transferred to other systems. . , . --synchronous . gzip , . -t --test . . -v --verbose . . -V --version . , . -# --fast --best #, -1 --fast ( ), -9 --best ( ). -6 ( ). --rsyncable rsync , , . , - , , . rsync . rsync , , , . . gunzip . : gzip -c 1 > foo.gz gzip -c 2 >> foo.gz gunzip -c foo cat 1 2 .gz ( , ). , : cat 1 2 | gzip > foo.gz , gzip -c 1 2 > foo.gz , , : gzip -cd .gz | gzip > .gz , CRC, --list, . , : gzip -cd .gz | wc -c , , , tar zip. GNU tar -z, gzip . gzip tar, . The environment variable GZIP can hold a set of default options for gzip. These options are interpreted first and can be overridden by explicit command line parameters. As this can cause problems when using scripts, this feature is supported only for --rsyncable, --synchronous, and options like -9 that set the compression level; any other options or operands in GZIP are silently ignored. You can use an alias or script instead. For example, instead of setting GZIP="-9" in the environment, if gzip is in the directory /usr/bin you can prepend $HOME/bin to your PATH and create an executable script $HOME/bin/gzip containing the following: #! /bin/sh export PATH=/usr/bin exec gzip -9 "$@" znew(1), zcmp(1), zmore(1), zforce(1), gzexe(1), zip(1), unzip(1), compress(1) gzip P. Deutsch, GZIP file format specification version 4.3, , Internet RFC 1952 ( 1996). <> zip P. Deutsch, DEFLATE Compressed Data Format Specification version 1.3, , Internet RFC 1951 ( 1996). 0; 1. 2. Usage: gzip [-cdfhklLnNrtvV19] [-S suffix] [file ...] . : not in gzip format , gunzip, . : Corrupt input. Use zcat to recover some data. . , , , zcat > _ : compressed with xx bits, can only handle yy bits ( LZW), , , . , gzip, . : already has .gz suffix -- unchanged , . . already exists; do you wish to overwrite (y or n)? <>, , <>. gunzip: corrupt input SIGSEGV, . xx.x% Percentage of the input saved by compression. ( -v -l.) -- not a regular file or directory: ignored ( , , , , FIFO ), . -- has xx other links: unchanged . . ln(1) . -f . . gunzip , gunzip <<>>, , . --quiet . --best , (-6). compress , gzip. bug-gzip@gnu.org GNU gzip: GNU: Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2001-2002, 2012, 2015-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Jean-loup Gailly , . , , , , . , , , , . () Kirill Rekhov ; GNU (GNU General Public License - GPL, 3 ) , - . - , , () () () <>. local GZIP(1)