Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj(3) | Tk Library Procedures | Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj(3) |
NAME
Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj, Tk_GetBitmap, Tk_GetBitmapFromObj, Tk_DefineBitmap, Tk_NameOfBitmap, Tk_SizeOfBitmap, Tk_FreeBitmapFromObj, Tk_FreeBitmap - maintain database of single-plane pixmaps
SYNOPSIS
#include <tk.h> Pixmap Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj(interp, tkwin, objPtr) Pixmap Tk_GetBitmap(interp, tkwin, info) Pixmap Tk_GetBitmapFromObj(tkwin, objPtr) int Tk_DefineBitmap(interp, name, source, width, height) const char * Tk_NameOfBitmap(display, bitmap) Tk_SizeOfBitmap(display, bitmap, widthPtr, heightPtr) Tk_FreeBitmapFromObj(tkwin, objPtr) Tk_FreeBitmap(display, bitmap)
ARGUMENTS
- Tcl_Interp *interp (in)
- Interpreter to use for error reporting; if NULL then no error message is left after errors.
- Tk_Window tkwin (in)
- Token for window in which the bitmap will be used.
- Tcl_Obj *objPtr (in/out)
- String value describes desired bitmap; internal rep will be modified to cache pointer to corresponding Pixmap.
- const char *info (in)
- Same as objPtr except description of bitmap is passed as a string and resulting Pixmap is not cached.
- const char *name (in)
- Name for new bitmap to be defined.
- const void *source (in)
- Data for bitmap, in standard bitmap format. Must be stored in static memory whose value will never change.
- int width (in)
- Width of bitmap.
- int height (in)
- Height of bitmap.
- int *widthPtr (out)
- Pointer to word to fill in with bitmap's width.
- int *heightPtr (out)
- Pointer to word to fill in with bitmap's height.
- Display *display (in)
- Display for which bitmap was allocated.
- Pixmap bitmap (in)
- Identifier for a bitmap allocated by Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or
Tk_GetBitmap.
DESCRIPTION
These procedures manage a collection of bitmaps (one-plane pixmaps) being used by an application. The procedures allow bitmaps to be re-used efficiently, thereby avoiding server overhead, and also allow bitmaps to be named with character strings.
Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj returns a Pixmap identifier for a bitmap that matches the description in objPtr and is suitable for use in tkwin. It re-uses an existing bitmap, if possible, and creates a new one otherwise. ObjPtr's value must have one of the following forms:
- @fileName
- FileName must be the name of a file containing a bitmap description in the standard X11 format.
- name
- Name must be the name of a bitmap defined previously with a call to Tk_DefineBitmap. The following names are pre-defined by Tk:
- error
- The international “don't” symbol: a circle with a diagonal line across it.
- gray75
- 75% gray: a checkerboard pattern where three out of four bits are on.
- gray50
- 50% gray: a checkerboard pattern where every other bit is on.
- gray25
- 25% gray: a checkerboard pattern where one out of every four bits is on.
- gray12
- 12.5% gray: a pattern where one-eighth of the bits are on, consisting of every fourth pixel in every other row.
- hourglass
- An hourglass symbol.
- info
- A large letter “i”.
- questhead
- The silhouette of a human head, with a question mark in it.
- question
- A large question-mark.
- warning
- A large exclamation point.
In addition, the following pre-defined names are available only on the Macintosh platform:
- document
- A generic document.
- stationery
- Document stationery.
- edition
- The edition symbol.
- application
- Generic application icon.
- accessory
- A desk accessory.
- folder
- Generic folder icon.
- pfolder
- A locked folder.
- trash
- A trash can.
- floppy
- A floppy disk.
- ramdisk
- A floppy disk with chip.
- cdrom
- A cd disk icon.
- preferences
- A folder with prefs symbol.
- querydoc
- A database document icon.
- stop
- A stop sign.
- note
- A face with balloon words.
- caution
- A triangle with an exclamation point.
Under normal conditions, Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj returns an identifier for the requested bitmap. If an error occurs in creating the bitmap, such as when objPtr refers to a non-existent file, then None is returned and an error message is left in interp's result if interp is not NULL. Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj caches information about the return value in objPtr, which speeds up future calls to procedures such as Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj and Tk_GetBitmapFromObj.
Tk_GetBitmap is identical to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj except that the description of the bitmap is specified with a string instead of an object. This prevents Tk_GetBitmap from caching the return value, so Tk_GetBitmap is less efficient than Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj.
Tk_GetBitmapFromObj returns the token for an existing bitmap, given the window and description used to create the bitmap. Tk_GetBitmapFromObj does not actually create the bitmap; the bitmap must already have been created with a previous call to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap. The return value is cached in objPtr, which speeds up future calls to Tk_GetBitmapFromObj with the same objPtr and tkwin.
Tk_DefineBitmap associates a name with in-memory bitmap data so that the name can be used in later calls to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap. The nameId argument gives a name for the bitmap; it must not previously have been used in a call to Tk_DefineBitmap. The arguments source, width, and height describe the bitmap. Tk_DefineBitmap normally returns TCL_OK; if an error occurs (e.g. a bitmap named nameId has already been defined) then TCL_ERROR is returned and an error message is left in interpreter interp's result. Note: Tk_DefineBitmap expects the memory pointed to by source to be static: Tk_DefineBitmap does not make a private copy of this memory, but uses the bytes pointed to by source later in calls to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap.
Typically Tk_DefineBitmap is used by #include-ing a bitmap file directly into a C program and then referencing the variables defined by the file. For example, suppose there exists a file stip.bitmap, which was created by the bitmap program and contains a stipple pattern. The following code uses Tk_DefineBitmap to define a new bitmap named foo:
Pixmap bitmap; #include "stip.bitmap" Tk_DefineBitmap(interp, "foo", stip_bits, stip_width, stip_height); ... bitmap = Tk_GetBitmap(interp, tkwin, "foo");
Pixmap bitmap; bitmap = Tk_GetBitmap(interp, tkwin, "@stip.bitmap");
Tk maintains a database of all the bitmaps that are currently in use. Whenever possible, it will return an existing bitmap rather than creating a new one. When a bitmap is no longer used, Tk will release it automatically. This approach can substantially reduce server overhead, so Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj and Tk_GetBitmap should generally be used in preference to Xlib procedures like XReadBitmapFile.
The bitmaps returned by Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj and Tk_GetBitmap are shared, so callers should never modify them. If a bitmap must be modified dynamically, then it should be created by calling Xlib procedures such as XReadBitmapFile or XCreatePixmap directly.
The procedure Tk_NameOfBitmap is roughly the inverse of Tk_GetBitmap. Given an X Pixmap argument, it returns the textual description that was passed to Tk_GetBitmap when the bitmap was created. Bitmap must have been the return value from a previous call to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap.
Tk_SizeOfBitmap returns the dimensions of its bitmap argument in the words pointed to by the widthPtr and heightPtr arguments. As with Tk_NameOfBitmap, bitmap must have been created by Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap.
When a bitmap is no longer needed, Tk_FreeBitmapFromObj or Tk_FreeBitmap should be called to release it. For Tk_FreeBitmapFromObj the bitmap to release is specified with the same information used to create it; for Tk_FreeBitmap the bitmap to release is specified with its Pixmap token. There should be exactly one call to Tk_FreeBitmapFromObj or Tk_FreeBitmap for each call to Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj or Tk_GetBitmap.
BUGS
In determining whether an existing bitmap can be used to satisfy a new request, Tk_AllocBitmapFromObj and Tk_GetBitmap consider only the immediate value of the string description. For example, when a file name is passed to Tk_GetBitmap, Tk_GetBitmap will assume it is safe to re-use an existing bitmap created from the same file name: it will not check to see whether the file itself has changed, or whether the current directory has changed, thereby causing the name to refer to a different file.
KEYWORDS
bitmap, pixmap
8.1 | Tk |