podman-unshare(1)           General Commands Manual          podman-unshare(1)

NAME
       podman-unshare - Run a command inside of a modified user namespace


SYNOPSIS
       podman unshare [options] [command]


DESCRIPTION
       Launches a process (by default, $SHELL) in a new user namespace. The
       user namespace is configured so that the invoking user's UID and
       primary GID appear to be UID 0 and GID 0, respectively.  Any ranges
       which match that user and group in /etc/subuid and /etc/subgid are also
       mapped in as themselves with the help of the newuidmap(1) and
       newgidmap(1) helpers.


       podman unshare is useful for troubleshooting unprivileged operations
       and for manually clearing storage and other data related to images and
       containers.


       It is also useful to use the podman mount command.  If an unprivileged
       user wants to mount and work with a container, then they need to
       execute podman unshare.  Executing podman mount fails for unprivileged
       users unless the user is running inside a podman unshare session.


       The unshare session defines two environment variables:

       o CONTAINERS_GRAPHROOT: the path to the persistent container's data.

       o CONTAINERS_RUNROOT: the path to the volatile container's data.


       IMPORTANT: This command is not available with the remote Podman client.


OPTIONS
   --help, -h
       Print usage statement


   --rootless-netns
       Join the rootless network namespace used for netavark networking. It
       can be used to connect to a rootless container via IP address (bridge
       networking). This is otherwise not possible from the host network
       namespace.


Exit Codes
       The exit code from podman unshare gives information about why the
       container failed to run or why it exited.  When podman unshare commands
       exit with a non-zero code, the exit codes follow the chroot standard,
       see below:


       125 The error is with podman itself

       $ podman unshare --foo; echo $?
       Error: unknown flag: --foo
       125


       126 Executing a contained command and the command cannot be invoked

       $ podman unshare /etc; echo $?
       Error: fork/exec /etc: permission denied
       126


       127 Executing a contained command and the command cannot be found

       $ podman unshare foo; echo $?
       Error: fork/exec /usr/bin/bogus: no such file or directory
       127


       Exit code contained command exit code

       $ podman unshare /bin/sh -c 'exit 3'; echo $?
       3


EXAMPLE
       Execute specified command in rootless user namespace:

       $ podman unshare id
       uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),65534(nobody)


       Show user namespace mappings for rootless containers:

       $ podman unshare cat /proc/self/uid_map /proc/self/gid_map
                0       1000          1
                1      10000      65536
                0       1000          1
                1      10000      65536


       Show rootless netns information in user namespace for rootless
       containers:

       $ podman unshare --rootless-netns ip addr
       1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
           link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
           inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
              valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
           inet6 ::1/128 scope host
              valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
       2: tap0: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65520 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
           link/ether aa:8c:0b:73:98:f6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
           inet 10.0.2.100/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global tap0
              valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
           inet6 fd00::a88c:bff:fe73:98f6/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr
              valid_lft 86389sec preferred_lft 14389sec
           inet6 fe80::a88c:bff:fe73:98f6/64 scope link
              valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


SEE ALSO
       podman(1), podman-mount(1), namespaces(7), newuidmap(1), newgidmap(1),
       user_namespaces(7)

                                                             podman-unshare(1)