CXL-INJECT-PROTOCOL-ERROR(1)      cxl Manual      CXL-INJECT-PROTOCOL-ERROR(1)

NAME
       cxl-inject-protocol-error - Inject CXL protocol errors into CXL
       downstream ports

SYNOPSIS
       cxl inject-protocol-error <dport> [<options>]

           Warning

           Error injection can cause system instability and should only be
           used
           for debugging hardware and software error recovery flows. Use at
           your own risk!

       Inject a CXL protocol error into a CXL downstream port (dport).
       Donwstream ports that support error injection will have their
       protocol_injectable attribute in cxl-list set to true.

       The -p/--protocol and -s/--severity options are required for error
       injection.  The -p option is used to specify the CXL protocol to inject
       an error on; either "mem" (CXL.mem) or "cache" (CXL.cache). The -s
       option specifies the severity of the error and can be one of:
       "correctable", "uncorrectable", or "fatal".

       The types of errors (and severities) available depends on the platform.
       To find the available error types for injection, see the
       "injectable_protocol_errors" attribute under the applicable CXL bus
       object in the output of cxl-list.  For example:

           # cxl list -B
           [
             {
                   "bus":"root0",
                   "provider":"ACPI.CXL",
                   "injectable_protocol_errors":[
                     "mem-correctable",
                     "mem-fatal",
                   ]
             }
           ]

       The dport to inject an error into is specified by host name (e.g.
       "0000:0e:01.1").  Here's an example injection using the example bus
       listing above:

           # cxl list -TP
            [
             {
               "port":"port1",
               "host":"pci0000:e0",
               "depth":1,
               "decoders_committed":1,
               "nr_dports":1,
               "dports":[
                 {
                   "dport":"0000:e0:01.1",
                   "alias":"device:02",
                   "id":0,
                   "protocol_injectable":true
                 }
               ]
             }
           ]

           # cxl inject-protocol-error "0000:e0:01.1" -p mem -s correctable
           cxl inject-protocol-error: inject_proto_err: injected mem-correctable protocol error.

       CXL protocol (CXL.cache/mem) error injection requires the platform to
       support ACPI v6.5+ error injection (EINJ). In addition to platform
       support, the CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_EINJ and CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_EINJ_CXL kernel
       configuration options must be enabled. For more information, view the
       Linux kernel documentation on EINJ.

       This command depends on the CXL debug filesystem (normally mounted at
       "/sys/kernel/debug/cxl") to inject protocol errors. If the CXL debugfs
       is not accessible the "protocol_injectable" attribute of dports will
       always be set to false, and the "injectable_protocol_errors" attribute
       of CXL busses will always be empty.

OPTIONS
       -p, --protocol
           Which CXL protocol to inject an error on. Can be either "mem"
           (CXL.mem) or "cache (CXL.cache).

       -s, --severity
           Severity level of error to be injected. Can be one of the
           following: "correctable", "uncorrectable", or "fatal".

       --debug
           Enable debug output

SEE ALSO
       cxl-list(1)

cxl                               2026-03-31      CXL-INJECT-PROTOCOL-ERROR(1)