'\" t
.\"     Title: chpasswd
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 01/04/2024
.\"    Manual: System Management Commands
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.15.1
.\"  Language: French
.\"
.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "01/04/2024" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.1" "System Management Commands"
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.SH "NOM"
chpasswd \- Mettre \(`a jour des mots de passe par lot
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.HP \w'\fBchpasswd\fR\ 'u
\fBchpasswd\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
The
\fBchpasswd\fR
command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format:
.PP
\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR
.PP
By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by
\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&.
.PP
By default, passwords are encrypted by PAM, but (even if not recommended) you can select a different encryption method with the
\fB\-e\fR,
\fB\-m\fR, or
\fB\-c\fR
options\&.
.PP
Except when PAM is used to encrypt the passwords,
\fBchpasswd\fR
first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user\&.
.PP
When PAM is used to encrypt the passwords (and update the passwords in the system database) then if a password cannot be updated
\fBchpasswd\fR
continues updating the passwords of the next users, and will return an error code on exit\&.
.PP
Cette commande est destin\('ee aux gros syst\(`emes pour lesquels un nombre importants de comptes sont cr\('e\('es en une seule fois\&.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.PP
The options which apply to the
\fBchpasswd\fR
command are:
.PP
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR
.RS 4
Utiliser la m\('ethode pr\('ecis\('ee pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&.
.sp
The available methods are
\fIDES\fR,
\fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR, \fIYESCRYPT\fR
and
\fINONE\fR
if your libc supports these methods\&.
.sp
Par d\('efaut, PAM est utilis\('e pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-encrypted\fR
.RS 4
Indiquer que les mots de passe fournis sont chiffr\('es\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-md5\fR
.RS 4
Permettre d\*(Aqutiliser le chiffrement MD5, plut\(^ot que DES, lorsque les mots de passe fournis ne sont pas chiffr\('es\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory
\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR
.RS 4
Utiliser le nombre de rounds pr\('ecis\('e pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&.
.sp
You can only use this option with crypt method:
\fISHA256\fR \fISHA512\fR
\fIYESCRYPT\fR
.sp
By default, the number of rounds for SHA256 or SHA512 is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.sp
A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced for SHA256 and SHA512\&. The default number of rounds is 5000\&.
.sp
By default, the number of rounds for YESCRYPT is defined by the YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR in
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.sp
A minimal value of 1 and a maximal value of 11 will be enforced for YESCRYPT\&. The default number of rounds is 5\&.
.RE
.SH "AVERTISSEMENTS"
.PP
Pensez \(`a configurer les permissions ou umask afin d\*(Aqemp\(^echer la lecture des fichiers non chiffr\('es par les d\*(Aqautres utilisateurs\&.
.SH "CONFIGURATION"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
change the behavior of this tool:
.SH "FICHIERS"
.PP
/etc/passwd
.RS 4
Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow
.RS 4
Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les comptes utilisateurs\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/login\&.defs
.RS 4
Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/pam\&.d/chpasswd
.RS 4
PAM configuration for
\fBchpasswd\fR\&.
.RE
.SH "VOIR AUSSI"
.PP
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
\fBnewusers\fR(8),
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&.