chgpasswd(8)              System Management Commands              chgpasswd(8)

<?><?><?><?><?>
       chgpasswd - <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?> <?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?>

<?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?>
       chgpasswd [options]

<?><?><?><?>
       The chgpasswd command reads a list of group name and password pairs
       from standard input and uses this information to update a set of
       existing groups. Each line is of the format:

       group_name:password

       By default the supplied password must be in clear-text, and is
       encrypted by chgpasswd.

       The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the
       ENCRYPT_METHOD variable of /etc/login.defs, and can be overwritten with
       the -e, -m, or -c options.

       <?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>, <?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

<?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       The options which apply to the chgpasswd command are:

       -c, --crypt-method
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

           The available methods are DES, MD5, SHA256, SHA512, YESCRYPT and
           NONE if your libc supports these methods.

       -e, --encrypted
           <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?>.

       -h, --help
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       -m, --md5
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> MD5 <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> DES,
           <?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration
           files from the CHROOT_DIR directory. Only absolute paths are
           supported.

       -s, --sha-rounds
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

           You can only use this option with crypt method: SHA256 SHA512
           YESCRYPT

           By default, the number of rounds for SHA256 or SHA512 is defined by
           the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in
           /etc/login.defs.

           A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be
           enforced for SHA256 and SHA512. The default number of rounds is
           5000.

           By default, the number of rounds for YESCRYPT is defined by the
           YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR in /etc/login.defs.

           A minimal value of 1 and a maximal value of 11 will be enforced for
           YESCRYPT. The default number of rounds is 5.

<?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?> umask, <?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       <?><?><?> <?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>, <?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?> <?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

<?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the
       behavior of this tool:

<?><?><?><?><?>
       /etc/group
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       /etc/gshadow
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       /etc/login.defs
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
           <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

<?><?><?>. <?><?><?><?><?>
       gpasswd(1), groupadd(8), login.defs(5).

shadow-utils 4.15.1               01/04/2024                      chgpasswd(8)