boot(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual boot(7) boot - UNIX System V 4 ( "\[u0627]") : (1) (2) (OS) (3) (4) (init(8) inittab(5)) (5) . ( PROM) "BIOS". . CMOS "CMOS" "NVRAM" ( ). NVRAM "\[u0627]". . : DHCP TFTP PXE Etherboot . . ( ) . 512 "MBR" ( ). . MBR (512 ) . . grub(8) ( lilo(8)). " " . ( "kswapd" ) /. ( ) bootparam(7). 1 PID . /sbin/init . : UNIX System V 4. systemd(1) bootup(7) . /sbin/init /etc/inittab . /sbin/init ( S 2 ). init(1) runlevel(8). /etc/inittab / . : UNIX System V 4. (Slackware Linux FreeBSD OpenBSD) . ( nfs cron ) (/etc/init.d ). "start" ( ) "stop" ( ). ( "restart" "status" ). . / \[u062A] /etc/rc[0-6S].d. ( ) /etc/init.d. ( /etc/rc) inittab(5) . 'S' "start" ( ). 'K' "stop" ( ). -. . /etc/rc2.d/S80sendmail sendmail(8) 2. /etc/rc2.d/S12syslog /etc/rc2.d/S90xfs. ( chkconfig(8)). "". . (/etc/sysconfig Red Hat ). UNIX ( HP-UX) . /etc/init.d ( "" ) . /etc/init.d/, /etc/rc[S0-6].d/, /etc/sysconfig/ init(1), systemd(1), inittab(5), bootparam(7), bootup(7), runlevel(8), shutdown(8) 3 . . : . 6.18 21 2025 boot(7)