Crypt::PK::RSA(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Crypt::PK::RSA(3)

Crypt::PK::RSA - Public key cryptography based on RSA

### OO interface
#Encryption: Alice
my $pub = Crypt::PK::RSA->new('Bob_pub_rsa1.der');
my $ct = $pub->encrypt("secret message");
#
#Encryption: Bob (received ciphertext $ct)
my $priv = Crypt::PK::RSA->new('Bob_priv_rsa1.der');
my $pt = $priv->decrypt($ct);
#Signature: Alice
my $priv = Crypt::PK::RSA->new('Alice_priv_rsa1.der');
my $sig = $priv->sign_message($message);
#
#Signature: Bob (received $message + $sig)
my $pub = Crypt::PK::RSA->new('Alice_pub_rsa1.der');
$pub->verify_message($sig, $message) or die "ERROR";
#Key generation
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new();
$pk->generate_key(256, 65537);
my $private_der = $pk->export_key_der('private');
my $public_der = $pk->export_key_der('public');
my $private_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('private');
my $public_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('public');
### Functional interface
#Encryption: Alice
my $ct = rsa_encrypt('Bob_pub_rsa1.der', "secret message");
#Encryption: Bob (received ciphertext $ct)
my $pt = rsa_decrypt('Bob_priv_rsa1.der', $ct);
#Signature: Alice
my $sig = rsa_sign_message('Alice_priv_rsa1.der', $message);
#Signature: Bob (received $message + $sig)
rsa_verify_message('Alice_pub_rsa1.der', $sig, $message) or die "ERROR";

The module provides a full featured RSA implementation.

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new();
#or
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($priv_or_pub_key_filename);
#or
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new(\$buffer_containing_priv_or_pub_key);

Support for password protected PEM keys

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($priv_pem_key_filename, $password);
#or
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new(\$buffer_containing_priv_pem_key, $password);

Uses Yarrow-based cryptographically strong random number generator seeded with random data taken from "/dev/random" (UNIX) or "CryptGenRandom" (Win32).

$pk->generate_key($size, $e);
# $size .. key size: 128-512 bytes (DEFAULT is 256)
# $e ..... exponent: 3, 17, 257 or 65537 (DEFAULT is 65537)

Loads private or public key in DER or PEM format.

$pk->import_key($priv_or_pub_key_filename);
#or
$pk->import_key(\$buffer_containing_priv_or_pub_key);

Support for password protected PEM keys

$pk->import_key($pem_filename, $password);
#or
$pk->import_key(\$buffer_containing_pem_key, $password);

Loading private or public keys form perl hash:

$pk->import_key($hashref);
# the $hashref is either a key exported via key2hash
$pk->import_key({
  e  => "10001", #public exponent
  d  => "9ED5C3D3F866E06957CA0E9478A273C39BBDA4EEAC5B...", #private exponent
  N  => "D0A5CCCAE03DF9C2F5C4C8C0CE840D62CDE279990DC6...", #modulus
  p  => "D3EF0028FFAB508E2773C659E428A80FB0E9211346B4...", #p factor of N
  q  => "FC07E46B163CAB6A83B8E467D169534B2077DCDEECAE...", #q factor of N
  qP => "88C6D406F833DF73C8B734548E0385261AD51F4187CF...", #1/q mod p CRT param
  dP => "486F142FEF0A1F53269AC43D2EE4D263E2841B60DA36...", #d mod (p - 1) CRT param
  dQ => "4597284B2968B72C4212DB7E8F24360B987B80514DA9...", #d mod (q - 1) CRT param
});
# or a hash with items corresponding to JWK (JSON Web Key)
$pk->import_key({
{
  kty => "RSA",
  n   => "0vx7agoebGcQSuuPiLJXZpt...eZu0fM4lFd2NcRwr3XPksINHaQ-G_xBniIqbw0Ls1jF44-csFCur-kEgU8awapJzKnqDKgw",
  e   => "AQAB",
  d   => "X4cTteJY_gn4FYPsXB8rdXi...FLN5EEaG6RoVH-HLKD9Mdx5ooGURknhnrRwUkC7h5fJLMWbFAKLWY2v7B6NqSzUvx0_YSf",
  p   => "83i-7IvMGXoMXCskv73TKr8...Z27zvoj6pbUQyLPBQxtPnwD20-60eTmD2ujMt5PoMrm8RmNhVWtjjMmMjOpSicFHjXOuVI",
  q   => "3dfOR9cuYq-0S-mkFLzgItg...q3hWeMuG0ouqnb3obLyuqjVZQ1dIrdgTnCdYzBcOW5r37AFXjift_NGiovonzhKpoVVS78",
  dp  => "G4sPXkc6Ya9y8oJW9_ILj4...zi_H7TkS8x5SdX3oE0oiYwxIiemTAu0UOa5pgFGyJ4c8t2VF40XRugKTP8akhFo5tA77Qe",
  dq  => "s9lAH9fggBsoFR8Oac2R_E...T2kGOhvIllTE1efA6huUvMfBcpn8lqW6vzzYY5SSF7pMd_agI3G8IbpBUb0JiraRNUfLhc",
  qi  => "GyM_p6JrXySiz1toFgKbWV...4ypu9bMWx3QJBfm0FoYzUIZEVEcOqwmRN81oDAaaBk0KWGDjJHDdDmFW3AN7I-pux_mHZG",
});

Supported key formats:

# all formats can be loaded from a file
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($filename);
# or from a buffer containing the key
my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new(\$buffer_with_key);
  • RSA public keys 
    -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDHlYKg9DeHB3/dY1D9WCyJTnl5
vEzAXpUOL9tDtdPUl96brIbbdMLooO1hKjsq98kLs1q4vOn/pxvzk0BRwhiu7Vvb
VUjAn/2HHDDL0U1utqqlMJhaffeLI3HEq5o/lSMFY7sSkZU/E4YX1yqAN0SE7xfK
B2uzcNq60sMIfp6siQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
  • RSA private keys 
    -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIICXQIBAAKBgQDHlYKg9DeHB3/dY1D9WCyJTnl5vEzAXpUOL9tDtdPUl96brIbb
dMLooO1hKjsq98kLs1q4vOn/pxvzk0BRwhiu7VvbVUjAn/2HHDDL0U1utqqlMJha
ffeLI3HEq5o/lSMFY7sSkZU/E4YX1yqAN0SE7xfKB2uzcNq60sMIfp6siQIDAQAB
AoGBAI5+GgNcGQDYw9uF+t7FwxZM5sGZRJrbbEPyuvL+sDxKKW6voKCyHi4EJzaF
9jRZMDqgVJcsmUwjPPuMGBHHJ+MI5Zb3L0jbZkyx8u+U5gf88oy9eZmfGOjmHcMB
oCgzyoLmJETuyADg2onLanuY3jggFb3tq/jimKjO8xM2R6zhAkEA7uXWWyJI9cCN
zrVt5R5v6oosjZ4r5VILGMqBRLrzfTvH+WDMK6Rl/2MHE+YDeLajzunaM8qY2456
GTYEXQsIdQJBANXfMEtXocSdPtoVj3ME8Do/0r+ApgTdcDPCwXOzkmkEJW/UFMSn
b8CYF5G6sZQN9L5z3s2nvi55PaFV8Q0LMUUCQBh9GvIQm6YFbQPpeTBpZFOIgnSp
6BoDxPtvlryy5U7LF/6qO4OlwIbjYdBaXbS8FCKbujBg7jZjboSzEtNu1BkCQDGT
w0Yz0jQZn3A+fzpScr2N/fSWheWqz0+wXdfMUKw3YdZCe236wlUK7KvDc1a2xX1A
ru1NbTCoujikC3TSm2ECQQDKQshchJlZJmFv9vCFQlGCA/EX+4406xvOOiixbPYC
pIB4Ee2cmvEdAqSaOjrvgs5zvaCCFBO0MecPStCAxUX6
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
  • RSA private keys in password protected PEM format 
    -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,4D697440FF5AEF18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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
  • PKCS#8 encoded private keys 
    -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
  • PKCS#8 encrypted private keys - password protected keys (supported since: CryptX-0.062) 
    -----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----
  • RSA public key from X509 certificate 
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
  • SSH public RSA keys 
    ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQA...6mdYs5iJNGu/ltUdc=
  • SSH public RSA keys (RFC-4716 format) 
    ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
Comment: "768-bit RSA, converted from OpenSSH"
AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAYQDYebeGQFCnlQiNRE7r9UEbjr+DQMTdw1ZHGB2w6x
D/DzKem8761GdCpqsLrGaw2D7aSIoP1B5Sz870YoVWHn6Ao7Hvm17V3Kxfn4B01GNQTM5+
L26mdYs5iJNGu/ltUdc=
---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
  • RSA private keys in JSON Web Key (JWK) format

    See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-jose-json-web-key

    {
  "kty":"RSA",
  "n":"0vx7agoebGcQSuuPiLJXZpt...eZu0fM4lFd2NcRwr3XPksINHaQ-G_xBniIqbw0Ls1jF44-csFCur-kEgU8awapJzKnqDKgw",
  "e":"AQAB",
  "d":"X4cTteJY_gn4FYPsXB8rdXi...FLN5EEaG6RoVH-HLKD9Mdx5ooGURknhnrRwUkC7h5fJLMWbFAKLWY2v7B6NqSzUvx0_YSf",
  "p":"83i-7IvMGXoMXCskv73TKr8...Z27zvoj6pbUQyLPBQxtPnwD20-60eTmD2ujMt5PoMrm8RmNhVWtjjMmMjOpSicFHjXOuVI",
  "q":"3dfOR9cuYq-0S-mkFLzgItg...q3hWeMuG0ouqnb3obLyuqjVZQ1dIrdgTnCdYzBcOW5r37AFXjift_NGiovonzhKpoVVS78",
  "dp":"G4sPXkc6Ya9y8oJW9_ILj4...zi_H7TkS8x5SdX3oE0oiYwxIiemTAu0UOa5pgFGyJ4c8t2VF40XRugKTP8akhFo5tA77Qe",
  "dq":"s9lAH9fggBsoFR8Oac2R_E...T2kGOhvIllTE1efA6huUvMfBcpn8lqW6vzzYY5SSF7pMd_agI3G8IbpBUb0JiraRNUfLhc",
  "qi":"GyM_p6JrXySiz1toFgKbWV...4ypu9bMWx3QJBfm0FoYzUIZEVEcOqwmRN81oDAaaBk0KWGDjJHDdDmFW3AN7I-pux_mHZG",
}

    BEWARE: For JWK support you need to have JSON module installed.

  • RSA public keys in JSON Web Key (JWK) format 
    {
  "kty":"RSA",
  "n": "0vx7agoebGcQSuuPiLJXZp...tN9nndrQmbXEps2aiAFbWhM78LhWx4cbbfAAtVT86zwu1RK7aPFFxuhDR1L6tSoc_BJECP",
  "e":"AQAB",
}

    BEWARE: For JWK support you need to have JSON module installed.

my $private_der = $pk->export_key_der('private');
#or
my $public_der = $pk->export_key_der('public');

my $private_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('private');
#or
my $public_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('public');
#or
my $public_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('public_x509');

With parameter 'public' uses header and footer lines:

-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY------
-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY------

With parameter 'public_x509' uses header and footer lines:

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY------
-----END PUBLIC KEY------

Support for password protected PEM keys

my $private_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('private', $password);
#or
my $private_pem = $pk->export_key_pem('private', $password, $cipher);
# supported ciphers: 'DES-CBC'
#                    'DES-EDE3-CBC'
#                    'SEED-CBC'
#                    'CAMELLIA-128-CBC'
#                    'CAMELLIA-192-CBC'
#                    'CAMELLIA-256-CBC'
#                    'AES-128-CBC'
#                    'AES-192-CBC'
#                    'AES-256-CBC' (DEFAULT)

Since: CryptX-0.022

Exports public/private keys as a JSON Web Key (JWK).

my $private_json_text = $pk->export_key_jwk('private');
#or
my $public_json_text = $pk->export_key_jwk('public');

Also exports public/private keys as a perl HASH with JWK structure.

my $jwk_hash = $pk->export_key_jwk('private', 1);
#or
my $jwk_hash = $pk->export_key_jwk('public', 1);

BEWARE: For JWK support you need to have JSON module installed.

Since: CryptX-0.031

Exports the key's JSON Web Key Thumbprint as a string.

If you don't know what this is, see RFC 7638 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7638.

my $thumbprint = $pk->export_key_jwk_thumbprint('SHA256');

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($pub_key_filename);
my $ct = $pk->encrypt($message);
#or
my $ct = $pk->encrypt($message, $padding);
#or
my $ct = $pk->encrypt($message, 'oaep', $hash_name, $lparam);
# $padding .................... 'oaep' (DEFAULT), 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $hash_name (only for oaep) .. 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $lparam (only for oaep) ..... DEFAULT is empty string

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($priv_key_filename);
my $pt = $pk->decrypt($ciphertext);
#or
my $pt = $pk->decrypt($ciphertext, $padding);
#or
my $pt = $pk->decrypt($ciphertext, 'oaep', $hash_name, $lparam);
# $padding .................... 'oaep' (DEFAULT), 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $hash_name (only for oaep) .. 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $lparam (only for oaep) ..... DEFAULT is empty string

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($priv_key_filename);
my $signature = $priv->sign_message($message);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_message($message, $hash_name);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_message($message, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_message($message, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($pub_key_filename);
my $valid = $pub->verify_message($signature, $message);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_message($signature, $message, $hash_name);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_message($signature, $message, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_message($signature, $message, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($priv_key_filename);
my $signature = $priv->sign_hash($message_hash);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_hash($message_hash, $hash_name);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_hash($message_hash, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $signature = $priv->sign_hash($message_hash, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

my $pk = Crypt::PK::RSA->new($pub_key_filename);
my $valid = $pub->verify_hash($signature, $message_hash);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_hash($signature, $message_hash, $hash_name);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_hash($signature, $message_hash, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $valid = $pub->verify_hash($signature, $message_hash, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

my $rv = $pk->is_private;
# 1 .. private key loaded
# 0 .. public key loaded
# undef .. no key loaded

my $size = $pk->size;
# returns key size in bytes or undef if no key loaded

my $hash = $pk->key2hash;
# returns hash like this (or undef if no key loaded):
{
  type => 1,   # integer: 1 .. private, 0 .. public
  size => 256, # integer: key size in bytes
  # all the rest are hex strings
  e  => "10001", #public exponent
  d  => "9ED5C3D3F866E06957CA0E9478A273C39BBDA4EEAC5B...", #private exponent
  N  => "D0A5CCCAE03DF9C2F5C4C8C0CE840D62CDE279990DC6...", #modulus
  p  => "D3EF0028FFAB508E2773C659E428A80FB0E9211346B4...", #p factor of N
  q  => "FC07E46B163CAB6A83B8E467D169534B2077DCDEECAE...", #q factor of N
  qP => "88C6D406F833DF73C8B734548E0385261AD51F4187CF...", #1/q mod p CRT param
  dP => "486F142FEF0A1F53269AC43D2EE4D263E2841B60DA36...", #d mod (p - 1) CRT param
  dQ => "4597284B2968B72C4212DB7E8F24360B987B80514DA9...", #d mod (q - 1) CRT param
}

RSA based encryption. See method "encrypt" below.

my $ct = rsa_encrypt($pub_key_filename, $message);
#or
my $ct = rsa_encrypt(\$buffer_containing_pub_key, $message);
#or
my $ct = rsa_encrypt($pub_key, $message, $padding);
#or
my $ct = rsa_encrypt($pub_key, $message, 'oaep', $hash_name, $lparam);
# $padding .................... 'oaep' (DEFAULT), 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $hash_name (only for oaep) .. 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $lparam (only for oaep) ..... DEFAULT is empty string

RSA based decryption. See method "decrypt" below.

my $pt = rsa_decrypt($priv_key_filename, $ciphertext);
#or
my $pt = rsa_decrypt(\$buffer_containing_priv_key, $ciphertext);
#or
my $pt = rsa_decrypt($priv_key, $ciphertext, $padding);
#or
my $pt = rsa_decrypt($priv_key, $ciphertext, 'oaep', $hash_name, $lparam);
# $padding .................... 'oaep' (DEFAULT), 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $hash_name (only for oaep) .. 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $lparam (only for oaep) ..... DEFAULT is empty string

Generate RSA signature. See method "sign_message" below.

my $sig = rsa_sign_message($priv_key_filename, $message);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_message(\$buffer_containing_priv_key, $message);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_message($priv_key, $message, $hash_name);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_message($priv_key, $message, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_message($priv_key, $message, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

Verify RSA signature. See method "verify_message" below.

rsa_verify_message($pub_key_filename, $signature, $message) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_message(\$buffer_containing_pub_key, $signature, $message) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_message($pub_key, $signature, $message, $hash_name) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_message($pub_key, $signature, $message, $hash_name, $padding) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_message($pub_key, $signature, $message, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen) or die "ERROR";
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

Generate RSA signature. See method "sign_hash" below.

my $sig = rsa_sign_hash($priv_key_filename, $message_hash);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_hash(\$buffer_containing_priv_key, $message_hash);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_hash($priv_key, $message_hash, $hash_name);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_hash($priv_key, $message_hash, $hash_name, $padding);
#or
my $sig = rsa_sign_hash($priv_key, $message_hash, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen);
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

Verify RSA signature. See method "verify_hash" below.

rsa_verify_hash($pub_key_filename, $signature, $message_hash) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_hash(\$buffer_containing_pub_key, $signature, $message_hash) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_hash($pub_key, $signature, $message_hash, $hash_name) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_hash($pub_key, $signature, $message_hash, $hash_name, $padding) or die "ERROR";
#or
rsa_verify_hash($pub_key, $signature, $message_hash, $hash_name, 'pss', $saltlen) or die "ERROR";
# $hash_name ............... 'SHA1' (DEFAULT), 'SHA256' or any other hash supported by Crypt::Digest
# $padding ................. 'pss' (DEFAULT) or 'v1.5' or 'none' (INSECURE)
# $saltlen (only for pss) .. DEFAULT is 12

### let's have:
# RSA private key in PEM format - rsakey.priv.pem
# RSA public key in PEM format  - rsakey.pub.pem
# data file to be signed or encrypted - input.data

Create encrypted file (from commandline):

openssl rsautl -encrypt -inkey rsakey.pub.pem -pubin -out input.encrypted.rsa -in input.data

Decrypt file (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
use Crypt::Misc 'read_rawfile';
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new("rsakey.priv.pem");
my $encfile = read_rawfile("input.encrypted.rsa");
my $plaintext = $pkrsa->decrypt($encfile, 'v1.5');
print $plaintext;

Create encrypted file (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
use Crypt::Misc 'write_rawfile';
my $plaintext = 'secret message';
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new("rsakey.pub.pem");
my $encrypted = $pkrsa->encrypt($plaintext, 'v1.5');
write_rawfile("input.encrypted.rsa", $encrypted);

Decrypt file (from commandline):

openssl rsautl -decrypt -inkey rsakey.priv.pem -in input.encrypted.rsa

Create signature (from commandline):

openssl dgst -sha1 -sign rsakey.priv.pem -out input.sha1-rsa.sig input.data

Verify signature (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
use Crypt::Digest 'digest_file';
use Crypt::Misc 'read_rawfile';
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new("rsakey.pub.pem");
my $signature = read_rawfile("input.sha1-rsa.sig");
my $valid = $pkrsa->verify_hash($signature, digest_file("SHA1", "input.data"), "SHA1", "v1.5");
print $valid ? "SUCCESS" : "FAILURE";

Create signature (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
use Crypt::Digest 'digest_file';
use Crypt::Misc 'write_rawfile';
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new("rsakey.priv.pem");
my $signature = $pkrsa->sign_hash(digest_file("SHA1", "input.data"), "SHA1", "v1.5");
write_rawfile("input.sha1-rsa.sig", $signature);

Verify signature (from commandline):

openssl dgst -sha1 -verify rsakey.pub.pem -signature input.sha1-rsa.sig input.data

Generate keys (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
use Crypt::Misc 'write_rawfile';
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new;
$pkrsa->generate_key(256, 65537);
write_rawfile("rsakey.pub.der",  $pkrsa->export_key_der('public'));
write_rawfile("rsakey.priv.der", $pkrsa->export_key_der('private'));
write_rawfile("rsakey.pub.pem",  $pkrsa->export_key_pem('public_x509'));
write_rawfile("rsakey.priv.pem", $pkrsa->export_key_pem('private'));
write_rawfile("rsakey-passwd.priv.pem", $pkrsa->export_key_pem('private', 'secret'));

Use keys by OpenSSL:

openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.der -text -inform der
openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.pem -text
openssl rsa -in rsakey-passwd.priv.pem -text -inform pem -passin pass:secret
openssl rsa -in rsakey.pub.der -pubin -text -inform der
openssl rsa -in rsakey.pub.pem -pubin -text

Generate keys:

openssl genrsa -out rsakey.priv.pem 1024
openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.pem -out rsakey.priv.der -outform der
openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.pem -out rsakey.pub.pem -pubout
openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.pem -out rsakey.pub.der -outform der -pubout
openssl rsa -in rsakey.priv.pem -passout pass:secret -des3 -out rsakey-passwd.priv.pem

Load keys (Perl code):

use Crypt::PK::RSA;
my $pkrsa = Crypt::PK::RSA->new;
$pkrsa->import_key("rsakey.pub.der");
$pkrsa->import_key("rsakey.priv.der");
$pkrsa->import_key("rsakey.pub.pem");
$pkrsa->import_key("rsakey.priv.pem");
$pkrsa->import_key("rsakey-passwd.priv.pem", "secret");

•
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_%28algorithm%29
2023-10-09 perl v5.38.0